THE 

MILITARY    HISTORY 

OF 

WATERBURY, 


FROM    THE    FOUNDING    OF    THE    SETTLEMENT    IN     1678    TO    1891, 

TOGETHER    WITH    A    LIST    OF    THE   COMMISSIONED   OFFICERS 

AND     THE     RECORDS   OF     THE     WARS;      CONTAINING 

ALSO    AN    OUTLINE    OF    ALL    THE   CHANGES 

IN    THE   MILITARY    ORGANIZATION 

OF    THE    STATE. 


BY 

CHARLES  W.  BURPEE. 


If  we  desire  to  secure  peace,  one  of  the  most  powerful  instruments  of  our  rising 
prosperity,  it  must  be  known  that  we  are  at  all  times  ready  for  war. 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON. 
INAUGURAL  ADDRESS,  DECEMBER  3,  1793. 


NEW  HAVEN,  COXX.: 

THE   PRICE,   LEE  &  ADKINS   CO.,    PRINTERS, 

2O6-2IO   MEADOW   STREET. 

l8gi. 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1891, 

BY  CHARLES  W.  BURPEE, 
In  the  Office  of  the  Librarian  of  Congress,  at  Washington. 


Introductory. 


A  live  military  spirit  is  an  indication  of  the  healthy  condition  of  the 
general  community.  In  time  of  war  it  is  the  safeguard ;  in  time  of  peace, 
when  that  spirit  is  purely  voluntary  and  spontaneous,  it  stands  for  the 
red  blood,  the  loyal  heart,  the  active  but  obedient  mind  and  the  ready 
hand  of  the  young  men.  Improvements  in  the  enginery  of  war  tend  to 
reduce  war  to  a  minimum,  but  it  js  the  well-established  alertness  of  the 
people  themselves  which  produces  the  primary  and  thus  the  greatest 
effect. 

What  the  citizen  soldier  can  do  in  time  of  need  it  remained  for  Amer- 
ica to  demonstrate  most  satisfactorily,  in  the  war  of  the  Revolution  and 
in  the  war  of  the  Rebellion.  And  of  all  the  States,  the  world  does  honor 
to  Connecticut  for  standing  foremost  in  this  work  of  demonstration.  It 
is  with  honest  pride,  then,  that  we  consider  the  position  which  Waterbury 
has  held  in  this  State.  From  the  time  when  the  handful  of  Farmington 
pilgrims,  armed  against  the  savages,  made  their  camp  fire  in  the  meadows 
of  the  Naugatuck,  the  men  of  the  community  have  ever  held  themselves 
in  readiness  for  the  call  of  duty.  As  the  forefathers  knew  that,  by  keep- 
ing the  gun  within  reach  while  they  plowed,  their  hearthstones  were 
safest,  thus  the  people  of  to-day  realize  that  the  protection  which  makes 
possible  their  industries  and  which  builds  their  houses  depends  first  of  all 
upon  the  militia,  which  is  themselves.  Not  only  were  Waterbury  men 
found  in  the  ranks  in  the  wars  against  the  Indians  or  against  usurping 
white  men ;  they  wei'e  found  also  in  the  councils  which  devised  the  plans 
for  preventing  such  wars  by  making  soldier  aud  citizen  synonymous. 

In  writing  the  military  history  of  Waterbury  there  has  been  no  call 
to  borrow  sounding  phrases ;  the  mere  records,  the  lists  of  names  and 
deeds,  are  far  more  potent  than  language  of  eulogist.  The  only  fear  is 
that  in  the  chaotic  period  of  the  earlier  days,  when  records  were  very 
faulty,  an  occasional  name  may  have  been  omitted  in  the  appended  list  of 
officers. 

WATERBURY,  CONN.,  Feb.  1,  1891. 


2013228 


Table  of  Contents. 


I.     COLONIAL  DAYS o 

II.    THE  REVOLUTIONARY  WAR  13 

III.  DAYS   OF  THE  TWENTY-SIXTH   REGIMENT 20 

IV.  THE  WAR  OF  1812 22 

V.     FIRST  FLANK  AND  BATTALION  COMPANIES 26 

VI.     FOLLOWING  THE  FLOOD  WOODS 31 

VII.     THE  MEXICAN  WAR 35 

VIII.    REORGANIZATION  OF  THE  MILITIA— COMPANY  H 37 

IX.     THE  REBELLION 49 

X.     IN  THE  CONNECTICUT   NATIONAL  GUARD 60 

RECORD  IN  INDIAN  AND  FRENCH  WARS 78 

RECORD  IN  THE  REVOLUTION 78 

RECORD  IN   THE  WAR  OF  1812  AND  MEXICAN  WAR 80 

RECORD  IN  THE    REBELLION 81 

COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS  OF  THE  MILITIA  SINCE  1678 84 

ROLLS  OF  COMPANIES  A  AND  G...  ..  97-98 


I.   Colonial  Days. 


The  martial  spirit  possessed  our  ancestors  and  they  rec- 
ognized the  glory  of  a  military  life.  As  Henry  Bronson 
has  said:  ''There  was  a  demand  for  warriors,  and  warriors 
of  a  superior  order  came  forth.  *  *  *  Military  titles  were 
in  high  repute  among  the  colonists.  They  were  preferred 
to  civil  or  ecclesiastical  honors.  A  corporal  was  on  the 
road  to  distinction.  *  *  *  A  captain  was  necessarily  a  man 
of  great  influence  whose  opinion  was  taken  in  all  the 
weighty  concerns  of  the  town.  Few  aspired  to  the  exalted 
rank  of  major."  By  a  law  of  the  colony,  all  men  between 
1 6  and  60  were  subject  to  bear  arms,  with  a  few  exceptions 
in  favor  of  those  engaged  in  vocations  necessary  to  the 
whole  community.  A  certain  number  of  days  each  year 
was  devoted  to  the  inspection  of  the  arms  and  ammunition 
in  every  house,  and  to  military  drill  of  a  rude  sort,  while  a 
guard  of  no  less  than  eight  men  did  duty  in  every  town  on 
Sundays. 

The  settlers  of  Mattatuck,  on  their  second  visit  from 
Farmington,  quickly  perceived  that  they  must  have  some 
kind  of  martial  organization  to  protect  themselves  from 
the  Indians  who  were  crowded  back  from  Derby  or  mak- 
ing sallies  from  remote  northern  territory. 

In  1678,  the  year  of  the  regular  settlement,  two  armed 
men  were  appointed  to  keep  lookout  from  the  hills.  In 
1680,  the  men  had  established  a  system  of  signals  which 
should  call  them  together  as  one  body,  and  they  were  ac- 
customed to  meet  to  devise  the  best  means  to  repel  an  at- 
tack. The  house  of  Thomas  Judd,  Sr.,  "  of  Waterbury,"  an 
armory  in  itself,  was  the  meeting  place,  and  on  his  kitchen 
floor  probably  many  a  defensive  campaign  was  marked 
out.  It  was  there  that  the  militia  in  which  the  city  re- 


THE   MILITARY   HISTORY 


joices  to-day  had  its  inception.  Two  years  later,  when  the 
population  was  not  yet  200  and  there  was  no  great  danger, 
the  pioneer  soldiery  numbered  24.  Recognizing  the  need 
of  some  head  to  their  ambitious  organization,  they  went 
before  the  General  Court  which  appointed  two  sergeants, 
the  highest  office  the  law  would  allow  for  this  number  of 
men.  Then,  as  continually  down  to  the  close  of  the  Revo- 
lution, the  General  Court  or  Assembly  filled  all  military 
offices.  Thomas  Judd,  Sr.,  and  John  Stanley  were  the 
choice  for  sergeants. 

Slowly  the  numbers  increased  until  in  1689  there  were 
35  men,  which  warranted  the  appcintment  of  a  lieutenant. 
John  Stanley  was  the  man  selected.  His  chief  duty  was 
to  see  that  all  citizens  were  well  armed,  and  that  there 
were  at  least  32  whom  he  could  call  together  at  any  time 
for  special  duty.  All  must  bring  their  arms  to  "  meeting  " 
when  ordered. 

The  pay  allowed  by  the  colony  for  active  service  was  25 
shillings  per  week  for  captains,  18  for  lieutenants,  15  for 
ensigns  and  9  for  privates.  A  sergeant-major  in  each 
county  had  the  direct  supervision  of  the  train  bands. 
There  was  no  higher  office  than  this  one  which  was  estab- 
lished in  1672. 

Indian  alarms  becoming  more  frequent,  the  General 
Court  in  1690  established  a  military  watch  throughout 
the  colony,  on  which  all  persons  whatsoever  (Indians 
and  negroes  excepted)  upwards  of  sixteen  years 
were  compelled  to  serve.  In  April  "  fortifications " 
were  ordered  in  each  town.  Waterbury  hospitality  was 
put  to  its  utmost  test  by  bands  of  soldiers  passing  through 
on  scouting  expeditions,  and  as  many  of  the  husbandmen 
accompanied  them  on  these  expeditions,  the  crops  were 
left  uncared  for.  It  was  a  hard  battle  for  existence  with- 
out and  within.  In  recognition  of  the  town's  fidelity  and 
sacrifices,  the  General  Court,  in  1691,  kindly  allowed  it 
"  the  present  county  rate  toward  erecting  a  house  for  pub- 
lic worship."  Thus  the  local  church  may  be  said  to  have 
found  its  beginning  in  martial  valor. 


OK   WATERBUKY. 


The  exact  condition  of  affairs  in  one  locality  cannot  be 
understood  without  keeping  in  mind  the  course  of  events 
in  the  colony  as  a  whole.  We  can  well  imagine  with  what 
indignation  the  sturdy  "  centinels  "  heard  that  Sir  William 
Phips,  in  1692,  lately  landed  in  Boston,  had  sent  word  that 
thereafter  he  would  be  commander-in-chief  of  Connecti- 
cut's forces,  and  with  what  applause  they  received  the 
news  that  the  offer  had  been  rejected  by  the  authorities  at 
Hartford,  who  were  determined  to  stand  by  their  charter 
rights.  And  again  they  must  have  smiled  grimly  when  the 
following  year  they  heard  the  story  of  how  Gov.  Ben- 
jamin Fletcher  of  New  York  had  come  to  Hartford  to  take 
command  only  to  meet  with  a  more  emphatic  rebuff.  The 
militia,  though  still  without  organization,  was  beginning 
to  be  an  important  factor  in  matters  of  state.  There  was 
also  now  another  goal  for  individual  ambition,  for  in  1689 
there  had  been  created  the  office  of  lieutenant-colonel,  for 
some  localities,  equal  in  rank  to  that  of  sergeant-major. 
He  and  the  other  officers  were  subject  to  the  call  of  a  com- 
mittee of  safety  appointed  for  each  county.  Waterbury 
was  in  Hartford  county.  So  strict  was  discipline  becoming 
that  bands  must  train  six  times  a  year,  between  March  and 
November,  and  a  severe  penalty  was  imposed  upon  any 
soldier  who  should  spoil  or  sell  arms  or  ammunition,  and 
upon  citizens  who  should  buy  of  them.  Those  harboring 
veterans  should  be  allowed  four  pence  per  meal  and  45.  6d. 
per  week  for  board;  they  must  take  no  more.  Fines  for 
absence  on  training  days  went  toward  the  purchase  of 
drums  and  colors;  if  insufficient,  the  balance  was  col- 
lected from  the  town.  In  1697  where  companies 
wrere  near  enough  together  to  form  a  general  organ- 
ization called  a  regiment,  sergeant-majors  were  made 
majors,  with  power  to  call  together  commissioned  officers 
once  a  year  to  discuss  the  management  of  the  militia.  In 
1702  it  was  decreed  that  several  companies  in  each  town 
should  be  counted  as  one  post  on  general  muster.  Majors 
were  forbidden  to  hold  a  captain's  commission.  When  it 
was  necessary  to  impress  men  into  the  service,  the  majors 


THE   MILITARY   HISTORY 


could  hand  a  list  of  names  to  the  constable  and  he  must 
bring  in  the  men.  After  1704  commissioned  officers  were 
not  allowed  "  to  give  up  office  without  consent  of  the  gov- 
ernor or  General  Assembly,  under  penalty  of  being  put  in 
the  ranks  and  made  corporals." 

The  colony  already  had  come  to  feel  that  the  Indian  was 
the  least  of  its  enemies  and  that  its  militia  must  be  devel- 
oped into  an  arm  capable  of  warding  off  any  blow.  Gov. 
Treat  was  himself  a  soldier ;  indeed,  he  owed  his 
office  to  his  skill  and  valor  in  the  King  Philip  campaign. 
In  1690,  Gov.  Bradstreet  of  Massachusetts  had  sent  to 
him  for  assistance.  At  the  request  of  Gov.  Leisler  of 
New  York,  Capt.  Fitz  John  Winthrop  had  led  his  Con- 
necticut forces  for  the  invasion  of  Canada,  destined  to  re- 
turn since  others  had  not  dared  to  follow  where  his  men 
led.  The  royal  governor  of  New  York,  Benjamin  Fletcher, 
after  failing  to  take  forcible  possession  of  the  militia  of 
this  colony  had  resorted  to  strategem,  asking  the  General 
Assembly  to  acknowledge  the  king's  right  to  appoint  a 
commander-in-chief.  The  Assembly  promptly  refused, 
Gov.  Treat  declined  the  commission  offered  him  and 
Gov.  Fletcher  gave  up  in  despair.  The  Yankee  militia 
were  ever  an  independent  body.  They  willingly  sent  men 
to  King  William's  war  against  the  French  in  1689  and  to 
Queen  Anne's  in  1702,  as  they  did  to  King  George's  in  1744 
and  to  the  old  French  and  Indian  wars  of  1755-63,  but  they 
always  retained  control  over  themselves. 

When  the  bands  turned  out  six  times  each  year  for  drill, 
work  was  forsaken,  and  men,  women  and  children  came 
forth  to  celebrate.  One  writer  says  :  "  The  enjoyment 
which  they  experienced  in  watching  the  maneuvers  of  the 
soldiers  and  the  games  of  cudgel,  back-sword,  fencing,  run- 
ning, leaping,  wrestling,  stool  ball,  nine-pins  and  quoits 
was  enhanced  by  sharing  the  spectacle  with  the  multitude, 
meeting  old  friends  and  making  acquaintances." 

It  was  the  Indians,  urged  on  by  the  French,  who  most 
disturbed  the  Waterbury  people.  On  April  9,  1700,  when 
Thomas  Judd  was  lieutenant  (appointed  in  1695),  they 


OP   WATERBURY. 


voted  to  fortify  Ensign  Timothy  Stanley's  house,  and  four 
years  later  another,  that  of  the  Rev.  John  Southmayd. 
April  15,  1703,  a  town  stock  of  ammunition  was  provided  by 
the  Assembly,  with  Stanley,  then  a  lieutenant,  as  keeper. 
In  May  of  the  following  year,  the  Assembly  designated 
eight  towns  as  frontier  towns,  including  Waterbury,  with 
ten  men  in  garrison  in  Waterbury,  Danbury,  Woodbury 
and  Simsbury,  while  New  Haven  and  Fairfield  county  men 
acted  as  scouts.  These  towns  were  ordered  to  have  forti- 
fied houses  in  1707,  and  "  to  keep  a  good  scout  out  every 
day,  of  two  faithful  and  trusty  men."  A  year  later  it  was 
ordered,  in  an  act  "  for  the  encouragement  of  military  skill 
and  good  discipline,"  that  the  committee  of  safety  in 
Hartford  should  establish  garrisons  in  certain  towns,  one 
of  which  was  Waterbury,  at  the  charge  of  the  colony  or  of 
the  respective  towns,  as  the  committee  should  order.  Two 
garrison  forts  were  so  established  in  Waterbury  at  the  ex- 
pense of  the  colony,  and  one  at  the  expense  of  the  town, 
one  at  the  Rev.  Mr.  Southmayd's  house,  one  at  Lieut. 
Stanley's,  and  the  third  at  John  Hopkins's.  To  encourage 
men  to  take  the  aggressive,  big  prices  were  paid  for  Indian 
scalps  and  prisoners  down  to  the  year  1746.  Each  town 
was  also  obliged  to  keep  on  hand  a  certain  number  of  snow 
shoes  and  moccasins. 

The  alarm  increasing,  the  Assembly,  being  petitioned,  ap- 
pointed a  committee  of  war  in  1710,  with  power  to  send  re- 
inforcements from  New  Haven  county  in  case  of  need.  But 
peace  was  declared  in  1713. 

Perhaps  it  was  due  to  all  these  precautions  that  Water- 
bury  was  unmolested  save  for  the  killing  of  a  man  named 
Holt,  and  for  the  capture  of  Jonathan  Scott  and  his  two 
sons. 

Now  the  required  membership  of  64  had  been  reached, 
and  in  1715  a  captain  was  allowed.  Deacon  Thomas  Judd, 
son  of  the  late  lieutenant,  was  crowned  with  the  honor, 
than  which  there  could  be  few  greater  in  the  minds  of  his 
compatriots.  John  Hopkins,  ensign,  soon  became  lieu.- 
tenant. 

\ 


10  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


One  more  step  toward  general  consolidation  of  the  col- 
ony's forces  had  been  taken  in  1708  when  the  governor 
was  made  regularly  the  commander-in-chief.  That  year, 
also,  it  was  decreed  that  thereafter  men  over  55  need  not 
be  required  to  do  active  service.  The  year  after  the  close 
of  the  war,  in  1714,  the  mounting  of  a  guard  on  Sunday 
was  done  away  with.  In  1722,  the  regimental  offices  of 
colonel  and  •  lieutenant-colonel  were  established,  though 
there  were  still  no  regiments  as  such.  That  year,  when 
Dr.  Ephraim  Warner  was  captain  here  and  all  were  held 
in  readiness  to  go  to  the  aid  of  the  frontier  town  of  Litch- 
field  if  need  be,  Gov.  Burnett  of  New  York,  like  Phips  and 
Fletcher  before  him,  demanded  the  command  of  the  Con- 
necticut militia  and,  like  them,  he  met  with  a  prompt  re- 
fusal. The  population  of  the  State  in  1730  was  38,000  and 
the  militia,  counting  men  between  16  and  65,  numbered 
8,500. 

William  Judd  had  then  become  captain  of  Waterbury's 
contingent,  which  was  assuming  such  large  proportions 
that  by  1732  the  Assembly  ordered  two  companies,  the 
second  to  be  commanded  by  Timothy  Hopkins.  Nothing 
more  plainly  marked  the  prosperity  of  the  town,  which,  it 
may  be  noted  in  passing,  had  been  annexed  to  New  Haven 
County  in  1728.  After  1736,  men  over  50  were  exempt 
from  active  service,  though  still  counted  in  the  militia. 

The  management  of  so  many  different  train  bands  even 
when  brought  together  by  counties  had  become  so  difficult 
that  at  the  October  session  in  1739  the  General  Assembly 
decided  to  establish  regiments  and  the  number  was  fixed 
at  13.  The  militia  numbered  3,480,  divided  into  47  com- 
panies. The  Waterbury,  Wallingford,  Durham  and  South- 
ington  companies  constituted  the  Tenth  regiment.  The 
colonel  was  to  exercise  the  power  previously  granted  to 
the  major  of  each  county  and  the  governor  should  be  cap- 
tain-general. The  officers  of  the  Tenth  were  James  Wads- 
worth  colonel,  Benjamin  Hall  lieutenant  -  colonel  and 
Thomas  Miles  major.  Col.  Humphrey  Eland's  tactics 
were  ordered  as  official  in  1743,  but  the  general  principle 


OF   WATERBURY.  11 


more  closely  followed  was  that  primitive  one  of  "  every 
man  for  himself." 

But  whatever  the  tactics,  the  righting  qualities  of  the 
men  were  unquestioned.  The  Louisburg  campaign,  in  1745, 
found  the  Waterbury  men  ready,  and  the  Assembly 
selected  Samuel  Hickcox  to  be  captain  of  a  company  sent 
to  Cape  Breton  as  re-inforcements. 

When  England  declared  war  against  France  ten  years 
later,  and  the  colonies  were  again  involved,  there  were 
three  companies  in  Waterbury.  John  Brunson  was  ap- 
pointed captain  of  the  third  in  1751,  and  Jacob  Blakeley 
lieutenant.  Two  regiments  being  organized  to  do  regular 
duty  in  protecting  the  territory  of  the  colonies  from 
French  invasion,  Gershom  Fulford  was  made  second  lieu- 
tenant of  the  fourth  company  of  the  Second  regiment, 
Elizur  Goodrich  colonel.  The  Rev.  Mark  Leavenworth 
went  with  the  regiment  as  chaplain.  In  1759,  the  year 
previous  to  his  appointment,  the  number  of  regiments  in 
the  field  had  been  increased  to  four  and  Timothy  Clark 
was  a  second  lieutenant  in  the  Third  regiment.  There 
was  a  goodly  number  of  Waterbury  privates  behind  these 
officers. 

To  further  facilitate  the  handling  of  the  militia  the 
office  of  brigadier-major  was  established  in  1759.  Benjamin 
Hall  had  succeeded  to  the  colonelcy  of  the  Tenth  militia, 

in   1755- 

At  the  outbreak  of  the  war  with  France,  Lord  Halifax 
had  proposed  in  Parliament  that  the  governors  of  the  col- 
onies and  two  delegates  from  each  colony  have  authority 
to  direct  the  military  and  draw  money  for  the  expense 
from  England,  which  should  afterwards  be  repaid  by  taxes 
on  the  colonists.  All  the  colonies  refusing,  the  project  was 
dropped.  Phineas  Lyman  was  major-general  commanding 
the  Connecticut  troops  in  the  Lake  Champlain  campaign. 
It  was  there  that  the  contempt  of  the  colonists  for  the  Brit- 
ish regulars  reached  its  climax  and  the  Waterbury  men 
agreed  in  the  general  condemnation  of  them.  Thus  it  was 
that,  seeing  that  the  most  of  the  burden  must  fall  upon  the 


12  THE  MILITAKT  HISTORY 


colonists,  the  Assembly  was  aroused  by  William  Pitt's  earn- 
est letter  in  1758  and  voted  5,000  more  men,  to  follow  the 
cowardly  Abercrombie.  Among  them  was  Capt.  Eldad 
Lewis,  at  the  head  of  a  company  of  34  Waterbury  men. ; 
Samuel  Judd  was  his  first  lieutenant. 

After  the  close  of  this  war,  in  1763,  new  companies  were 
organized  in  the  Northbury  (Plymouth)  and  Westbury 
(Watertown)  districts  of  the  town  and  Aaron  Harrison  was 
appointed  captain  of  the  company  in  the  Northbury 
parish. 

In  1767  the  number  of  regiments  was  increased  to  14,  to 
be  further  increased  to  15  in  1769,  to  16  in  1771,  to  22  in 
1774,  to  24  in  1775  and  to  25  in  1776,  exclusive  of  the  Gov- 
ernor's Foot  Guard,  organized  in  1771.  The  age  limit  was 
reduced  to  45  in  1772;  the  colony  was  getting  where  it  no 
longer  needed  the  service  of  old  men  in  the  field.  In  1773 
the  number  of  enrolled  militia  was  26,260,  divided  into  18 
regiments  with  a  troop  of  horse  attached  to  each  and  to 
some  two  troops.  The  train  bands  drilled  four  days  each 
year  and  each  regiment  attended  regimental  exercises  once 
in  four  years.  Soldiers  and  householders  provided  them- 
selves with  arms. 

On  the  death  of  Col.  Hall  in  1773,  Elihu  Chauncey  became 
colonel  of  the  Tenth,  Elihu  Hall  lieutenant-colonel,  and 
James  Wadsworth,  Jr.,  major.  The  next  year,  Col.  Chauncey 
resigning,  Wadsworth  became  colonel,  Jonathan  Baldwin 
of  Waterbury  lieutenant-colonel,  and  Reuben  Atwater  ma- 
jor. At  this  time  the  Assembly  ordered  that  the  men 
should  drill  on  eleven  half-days  from  October  to  May,  but 
the  order  was  soon  revoked.  As  a  little  too  strong  a  spirit 
of  sociability  was  finding  its  way  into  the  different  regi- 
ments, the  Assembly  passed  a  law  to  discourage  "  the  prac- 
tice of  treating  or  entertaining  by  persons  chosen  to  office;" 
such  practice  should  be  considered  disqualification  for  fur- 
ther promotion.  Just  when  that  law  was  repealed,  if  ever, 
is  not  known.  Those  were  the  days  when  parades,  like 
town  meetings,  were  "  opened"  with  prayer. 


OF  WATERBURY.  13 


II.   The  Revolutionary  War. 

Though  there  were  in  Waterbury  many  members  of  the 
Church  of  England,  who  by  their  blind  faith  were  of 
course  Tories,  the  mass  of  the  people  were  loyal  to  America 
when  the  states  combined  to  resent  the  insults  and  injuries 
heaped  upon  them  by  the  mother  country.  In  town  meet- 
ing, November  17,  1774,  they  endorsed  the  association 
entered  into  by  Congress  and  appointed  a  committee  to  see 
that  the  town  lived  up  to  the  endorsement.  January  12, 
1775,  the  town  meeting  ordered  the  selectmen  to  procure  a 
stock  of  ammunition  and  to  build  a  store-house  for  it.  By 
the  law  of  1741  every  town  was  supposed  to  have  on  hand 
50  pounds  of  powder,  200  weight  of  bullets  and  300  flints 
for  every  60  enlisted  men. 

April  21,  1775,  Col.  Wadsworth  of  the  Tenth  wrote  from 
Wallingford  in  great  haste  to  Lieut.  Col.  Baldwin  in  this 
town  that  word  had  been  received  from  the  "  Boston  gov- 
ernment" of  a  collision  between  his  majesty's  troops  and 
the  people  of  the  colony,  and  ordering  Col.  Baldwin  to 
notify  the  captains  of  the  different  Waterbury  companies 
to  have  their  men  in  readiness. 

Following  the  skirmishes  at  Lexington  and  Concord,  the 
Legislature  authorized  the  formation  of  six  regiments  for 
the  field,  100  men  in  each  company.  David  Wooster  was 
made  major-general,  Joseph  Spencer  first  brigadier-gen- 
eral and  Israel  Putnam  second  brigadier-general.  The 
eighth  company  of  the  First  regiment  was  formed  in 
Waterbury  with  Phi  neas  Porter  captain,  Stephen  Mathews 
first  lieutenant,  Isaac  Brownson,  Jr.  second  lieutenant  and 
David  Smith  ensign.  The  last  named  rose  to  the  rank  of 
major  and  afterwards  was  major-general  in  this  State. 
Gen.  Wooster  commanded  the  regiment.  Enlistment  was 
for  seven  months.  Each  man  should  receive  52  shillings 
and  one  month's  pay  in  advance,  which  was  40  shillings, 
besides  10  shillings  for  the  use  of  his  firearms  and  six- 


14  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


pence  a  day  for  billeting  money.  This  company  was  sent 
with  the  regiment  to  guard  the  coast  in  Fairfield  county 
and  then  up  the  Hudson  to  Lake  Champlain. 

Waterbury  also  furnished  two  officers  for  the  fifth  com- 
pany of  this  regiment,  First  Lieut.  Jesse  Curtis  and  Second 
Lieut.  Nathaniel  Edwards.  Benedict  Arnold  was  appointed 
captain  of  this  company  but  he  did  not  serve  with  them. 
They  were  present  at  the  siege  of  Boston.  A  Waterbury 
man,  Ezekiel  Scott,  commanded  the  second  company  of  the 
Second  regiment. 

That  year  the  town  gave  152  soldiers  in  all,  more  than 
any  other  town  except  Farmington  and  New  Haven,  and 
some  of  them  were  in  nearly  all  the  battles  of  the  army. 
"  No  town  in  the  colony,  not  itself  the  theater  of  conflict, 
made  greater  personal  sacrifices  throughout  the  war  than 
Waterbury." 

At  home,  also,  the  strife  had  been  of  the  bitterest  kind. 
Not  a  few  Tory  sympathizers  did  not  hesitate  to  express 
their  views  in  an  aggravating  manner.  Among  them  were 
Capt.  Amos  Bronson,  of  the  "  West  "  or  tenth  company  of 
the  regiment,  and  Ensign  Samuel  Scovill  and  several  men 
of  the  same  company.  Upon  memorial  of  John  Sutlief 
and  other  Whigs  of  the  company,  the  Assembly  appointed 
an  investigating  committee  with  the  result  that  in  May, 
1775,  tne  officers  were  cashiered,  and  in  October  the  com- 
pany was  disbanded.  Capt.  Hezekiah  Brown,  of  the  tenth 
company  of  the  regiment,  who  had  been  very  free  in  his 
denunciation  of  Congress,  now  openly  declared  that  the 
Assembly  had  shown  itself  as  arbitrary  as  the  pope  in  its 
dealings  with  the  officers.  A  committee  made  formal  com- 
plaint to  the  Assembly  but  no  decisive  step  was  taken  un- 
til the  next  May,  when  it  was  shown  that  Brown  had  re- 
fused to  obey  orders  to  detach  men  for  the  service,  and  he 
was  promptly  arrested,  tried  and  cashiered,  and  the  com- 
pany disbanded.  Later  he  became  a  captain  in  the  Brit- 
ish army,  where  he  died.  His  real  estate,  forfeited  at  the 
time,  was  afterward  restored  to  his  widow.  More  than  80 
other  Royalists  joined  the  British  on  Long  Island,  among 


OF  WATERBURY.  15 


them  Capt.  Abraham  Hickcox,  but  most  of  them 
were  so  ill  treated  that  they  returned  to  the  government  of 
the  States.  Many  of  them  succumbed  to  the  hardships  to 
which  they  were  exposed. 

Meanwhile,  at  the  beginning  of  the  disaffection,  on  me- 
morials of  Moses  Foot  and  of  Joseph  Guernsey  and  others, 
two  new  companies  had  been  formed  in  Waterbury,  as  the 
eighteenth  and  nineteenth  companies  of  the  Tenth  militia 
regiment. 

When  the  men  returned  in  December,  from  the  cam- 
paign of  1775,  Capt.  Porter  was  made  major  of  the  Tenth. 
At  this  time,  it  may  be  said,  many  held  commissions  both 
in  the  army  and  in  the  militia,  and  sometimes  the  higher 
commission  was  in  the  army. 

The  winter  was  one  of  continual  anxiety  and  the  follow- 
ing summer  came  a  call  from  Gen.  Washington  for  the 
militia  to  drive  the  enemy  from  about  New  York,  he  has- 
tening on  after  the  evacuation  of  Boston.  Connecticut  al- 
ready had  eight  continental  and  nine  state  regiments  in 
the  field  but  responded  at  once  to  the  request.  The  first 
requisition  called  out  14  regiments  lying  west  of  the  river 
and  the  second  nine  lying  east  of  it,  to  serve  till  the  exi- 
gency was  over.  Raw  and  undisciplined,  the  militia  proved 
of  little  assistance,  contributing  in  no  small  degree  to  the 
panic  at  Kip's  bay,  September  15. 

Maj.  Porter  became  major  of  the  Fifth  battalion  of  Gen. 
Wadsworth's  brigade,  th'e  fourth  company  of  which  was 
from  Waterbury,  officered  as  follows  :  John  Lewis,  Jr.  cap- 
tain; James  Warner,  first  lieutenant;  Michael  Bronson,  sec- 
ond lieutenant,  and  Joseph  Beach,  ensign.  In  the  defense 
of  New  York,  September  15,  Maj.  Porter  was  taken  prisoner 
but  was  afterwards  released,  became  colonel  of  the  Tenth 
militia  and  was  transferred  to  the  command  of  the  Twenty- 
eighth  regiment  in  1780.  Many  Waterbury  men  of  the 
Tenth,  with  Lieut.  Col.  Baldwin,  joined  Washington's  army 
in  New  York,  in  August,  1776.  Ezekiel  Scott  was  in  the 
same  army  as  captain  in  the  Twenty-second  regiment. 
David  Smith  as  captain  and  Nehemiah  Rice  as  first  lieu- 


16  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


tenant  were  serving  with  Col.  Elmore's  regiment,  in  the 
vicinity  of  Albany. 

Capt.  Smith  became  major  of  the  Eighth  "  Connecticut 
Line,"  sub-inspector  of  Varnum's  brigade  at  Valley  Forge, 
where  he  spent  the  famous  winter  of  1777-8,  and  brigadier- 
major  of  the  Second  Connecticut  brigade,  May  13,  1779. 
In  Col.  Heman  Swift's  battalion,  raised  for  service  with 
Gen.  Gates,  in  the  vicinity  of  Ticonderoga,  July  to  Novem- 
ber, 1776,  Stephen  Matthews  of  Waterbury  commanded  the 
fourth  company  and  Amos  Hecock,  Jr.,  was  second  lieu- 
tenant. 

July  4,  1776,  memorable  day,  the  householders  of  the 
place  formed  an  independent  company  under  Jonathan 
Curtis  captain,  Timothy  Pond  lieutenant,  and  Samuel  Sco- 
vill  ensign,  armed  themselves  and  reported  for  duty.  A 
Waterbury  company  in  Col.  Thadeus  Cook's  Second  battal- 
ion of  volunteers,  raised  in  November,  1776,  to  serve  till 
March  15,  1777,  was  officered  by  Benjamin  Richards  cap- 
tain, Isaac  Bronson,  Jr.  first  lieutenant,  William  Law  sec- 
ond lieutenant,  Benjamin  Fenn,  Jr.  ensign. 

Near  the  close  of  that  year,  the  Assembly  formed  the 
militia,  23,000  men,  into  two  divisions,  six  brigades,  24  regi- 
ments, (all  male  persons  between  16  and  60,  with  certain 
exceptions)  to  serve  in  case  of  alarm.  This  is  the  first 
appearance  of  the  division  and  brigade  formation.  David 
Wooster  and  Jabez  Huntington  were  major-generals;  Eliph- 
alet  Dyer,  Gurdon  Saltonstall,  Oliver  Wolcott,  Erastus 
Wolcott,  James  Wadsworth  and  Gold  S.  Silliman,  briga- 
dier-generals; Charles  Wolf,  P.  B.  Bradley,  Jedidiah  Hunt- 
ington, Fisher  Gay,  Comfort  Sage,  John  Douglas  and 
Samuel  Selden,  William  Douglas  and  John  Chester,  colo- 
nels. The  officers  of  Waterbury's  companies  were  :  i, 
Capt.  Phineas  Castle,  Lieut.  Ashbel  Porter ;  2,  Capt.  John 
Woodruff,  Lieut.  Thomas  Dutton  ;  3,  Capt.  Isaac  Bronson, 
Lieut.  Aaron  Benedict;  4,  Capt.  Jotham  Curtis,  Lieut. 
Timothy  Pond;  5,  Capt.  Stephen  Seymour,  Lieut.  Daniel 
Sanford  ;  6,  Capt.  Josiah  Terrel,  Lieut.  Stephen  Hopkins. 


OF   WATERBTJRY.  -  17 


The  Legislature  now  ordered  eight  regiments  to  serve 
during  the  war,  Waterbury's  quota  of  which  was  131  men. 
The  officers  under  this  call  were  Capt.  David  Smith  and 
Lieut.  Michael  Bronson.  The  town  voted  bounties  of  12 
pounds  a  year  and  a  fund  for  the  families  of  the  soldiers. 
In  addition  it  was  called  upon  to  provide  clothing  for  the 
men  themselves.  Material  was  wanting.  At  the  begin- 
ning of  the  war,  blue  had  been  adopted  for  the  regimen- 
tal colors  but  as  it  was  not  to  be  had  green  was  substi- 
tuted. All  thought  of  color  for  anything  was  now  forgot- 
ten in  the  desire  to  get  cloth.  Such  was  the  scarcity  that 
the  general  could  not  order  uniforms  but  he  urged  the  use 
of  "  hunting  shirts,  with  long  breeches  of  the  same  cloth, 
made  gaiter  fashion  about  the  legs."  It  was  thought  such 
a  costume,  while  being  suitable  for  all  seasons,  would 
impress  the  enemy  with  the  idea  that  each  man  was  a 
marksman.  All  lead  obtainable  was  melted  into  bullets. 

The  quota  for  the  Continental  "  Line "  filling  up  but 
slowly,  Gov.  Trumbull  acceded  to  Gen.  Washington's  re- 
quest to  send  a  body  of  militia  in  the  spring  of  1777  to  serve 
six  weeks  at  Peekskill,  where  Gen.  MacDougall  was  then 
posted.  Three  regiments  were  ordered.  Jesse  Curtis  and 
Amos  Barnes  were  captains  in  Col.  Hooker's  command. 
Taking  advantage  of  this  weakening,  Gen.  Tryon  made  his 
attack  upon  Danbury  in  April.  Among  the  Waterbury  men 
who  went  to  assist  in  driving  him  back  was  Aner  Bradley, 
who  was  wounded  in  the  side. 

During  the  summer  of  this  year  more  militia  was  called 
out  for  the  guarding  of  the  Highlands  on  the  Hudson.  Of 
the  25  companies  under  command  of  Lieut.-Col.  Baldwin  on 
this  brief  expedition,  12  (numbering  only  193  men)  were 
commanded  by  Waterbury  officers.  They  were  Capts.  Ben- 
jamin Richards,  Samuel  Bronson,  John  Woodruff,  Phineas 
Castle,  John  Lewis,  Jesse  Curtis,  Thomas  Fenn,  Nathaniel 
Barnes,  Josiah  Terrell,  Jotham  Curtis,  and  Joseph  Garnsey 
and  Lieut.  Aaron  Benedict.  Lucius  Tuttle  was  an  ensign. 
Among  the  men  with  Gen.  Gates,  at  the  capture  of  Gen. 


18  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


Burgoyne,  was  Lieut.  Michael  Bronson,  who  distinguished 
himself  as  adjutant  of  Col.  Cook's  regiment. 

In  1778  the  military  companies  of  Waterbury  were 
formed  into  a  distinct  regiment  under  the  name  of  the 
Twenty-eighth.  Phineas  Porter  was  colonel,  Benjamin 
Richards  (Westbury)  lieutenant-colonel,  and  Jesse  Curtis 
(Northbury)  major.  One  of  the  Waterbury  companies  was 
known  as  the  "  Ringbone." 

In  each  succeeding  year  the  demands  for  more  men  to 
carry  on  the  war  were  met,  but,  although  only  a  few  at  a 
time  were  called  for,  it  is  difficult  for  us  to  comprehend 
how  hard  it  was  to  find  them.  Pay,  food  and  clothing 
were  insufficient.  Each  town  meeting,  regular  or  special, 
appointed  committees  to  see  that  Waterbury's  quota  was 
kept  filled  and  also  to  make  sure  that  the  levies  for  food 
and  raiment  for  the  army  were  met.  If  a  man  refused  to 
pay  the  high  taxes,  he  was  assessed  double  the  amount. 
Not  only  was  the  town  obliged  to  guarantee  to  the  soldiers 
the  wages  from  the  State,  but  also  to  eke  out  the  amount  in 
later  days  in  order  to  furnish  an  inducement,  small  confi- 
dence being  placed  in  the  promises  to  pay  on  the  part  of 
Congress. 

As  the  sea  coast  was  under  the  control  of  the  enemy,  the 
road  passing  through  Waterbury  east  and  west  was  the 
most  important  thoroughfare  connecting  New  England 
with  the  other  states.  Consequently  it  was  frequently 
traversed  by  the  different  armies  with  their  wagon  trains. 
When  the  small-pox  broke  out  among  the  soldiers  it  spread 
so  rapidly  in  the  vicinity  that  it  was  necessary  to  grant  to 
the  citizens  liberty  to  inoculate.  In  April  1784,  Dr.  Abel 
Bronson  established  a  pest-house  in  Middlebury. 

After  the  capture  of  Burgoyne,  a  detachment  of  the  army 
pitched  their  tents  for  a  night  in  the  Manhan  meadows. 
On  different  occasions  Gen.  Washington  and  Gen.  Lafay- 
ette passed  through  here  once  and  perhaps  twice.  It  was 
probably  in  1778  that  Lafayette  stopped  at  Capt.  Isaac 
Bronson's  tavern  at  Breakneck  (Middlebury.)  He  also 
spent  one  night  at  Joseph  Hopkins's.  It  may  have  been  in 


OF  WATERBURY.  19 


1780  that  Washington,  accompanied  by  Gen.  Knox  and  an 
escort,  dined  at  the  same  place.  Tradition  has  it  that  he 
was  here  again  at  a  later  date. 

The  population  of  the  whole  town  in  1774  was  3,526,  and 
its  grand  list  ^39,826.  In  1790  the  population  of  Water- 
bury  was  2,937  and  of  Watertown,  which  had  been  set  off 
from  it,  3,170  ;  total,  6,107.  Waterbury's  grand  list  was 


Connecticut  had  contributed  more  men  for  the  war  than 
any  other  State,  except  Massachusetts,  the  number  being 
31,939.  In  general  orders  in  1782,  Washington  spoke  of  the 
Connecticut  brigade  as  "  composed  of  as  fine  a  body  of 
men  as  any  in  the  army,"  and  he  called  for  a  review  of  the 
men,  after  which  he  gave  the  highest  honor  to  the  Second 
brigade  of  the  State,  the  only  command  that  ever  won  such 
praise  from  him. 


20  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


III.   The  Twenty-Sixth  Regiment 

It  is  frequently  stated  that  the  first  military  organization 
in  Waterbury  after  the  Revolutionary  war  was  in  1793.  The 
fact  is  that,  from  the  close  of  the  war  down  to  the  reorgani- 
zation in  1816,  there  were  companies  (or  officers)  enough  in 
the  original  Waterbury  district  to  make  up  almost  the 
whole  of  the  Twenty-sixth  regiment  of  the  Second  brigade, 
First  division,  while  the  old  Tenth  of  the  same  brigade  still 
retained  some  members  here,  Samuel  Camp,  captain  in  the 
Revolutionary  war,  being  lieutenant-colonel  in  1790.  Water- 
town  was  set  off  in  1780,  Plymouth  in  1795,  Wolcott  in  1796, 
Oxford  in  1798  and  Middlebury  in  1807.  (Prospect  became 
a  separate  town  in  1827  and  Naugatuck  in  1844.)  There  is 
abundant  reason,  then,  for  inserting  the  names  of  all  the 
officers  of  the  Twenty-sixth  regiment  down  to  1816,  in  the 
list  of  commissioned  officers  at  the  end  of  this  book,  the 
exact  dwelling  places  of  most  of  them,  under  the  new 
boundaries,  being  quite  changeable  and  uncertain.  They  are 
all  "  Waterbury"  names,  familiar  even  to  this  generation. 
It  will  be  observed  that  many  of  the  officers  attained  to 
high  rank.  It  is  also  noticeable  in  the  records  of  those 
days,  that  most  of  the  representatives  and  leading  men 
were  officers  in  the  regiment.  There  is  no  question  but 
that  they  were  earnest  men. 

In  1793,  Lieut.  Col.  David  Smith  had  risen  to  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general,  commanding  the  Eighth  brigade,  Fourth 
division,  to  which  the  Twenty-sixth  now  belonged,  and 
Maj.  Aner  Bradley  was  lieutenant-colonel  with  William 
Leavenworth  (2d)  major,  and  Isaac  Bronson  paymaster. 
In  the  summer  of  that  year,  still  another  company  was 
formed  with  Noah  Baldwin  as  captain.  The  Tenth  was 
assigned  to  the  Second  brigade,  Second  division. 

As  in  colonial  days,  all  able-bodied  men  were  subject  to 
bear  arms  and  constituted  the  active  militia,  the  regularly 


OF  WATERBURY.  21 


drilled  companies  being  the  "  trained  "  or  "  train  bands." 
The  state  officers  consisted  of  a  captain-general,  lieutenant- 
general  and  a  brigadier-general,  and  a  brigadier-major  to 
each  of  the  eight  brigades.  The  officers  wore  blue  coats 
faced  with  red,  lined  with  white,  white  underdress,  white 
buttons  and  blue  worsted  knot  on  each  shoulder.  The  men 
wore  "  white  frocks  and  overalls."  The  light  infantry  men 
were  distinguished  by  a  black  feather  tipped  with  red, 
worn  in  the  hat. 

The  next  year,  in  addition  to  the  infantry  companies, 
there  was  a  troop  of  horse,  attached  to  the  Eighth  regiment 
of  the  Eighth  brigade.  It  was  composed  of  Waterbury  and 
Watertown  men,  with  Samuel  Gunn  as  captain. 

When  Washington  was  once  more  called  to  the  head  of 
the  army  by  the  French  alarm,  a  body  of  5,882  Connecticut 
militia  was  detached  in  1794,  for  active  service  if  necessa- 
ry. In  1806,  at  the  time  of  the  English  embargo,  a  detach- 
ment of  3,420  was  made  but  was  dismissed  in  1809.  When 
Bridgeport  was  threatened  in  the  war  of  1812,  the  Sixth 
and  Eighth  brigades  were  called  upon  to  be  in  readiness. 


THE   MILITAEY   HISTORY 


IV.   The  War  of  1812. 

From  the  founding  of  the  colony,  through  the  period  of 
the  Revolutionary  war,  there  had  been  no  regular  uniform 
for  the  men,  though  some  had  worn  "blue  trimmed  up 
with  red,"  in  addition  to  the  cocked  hat,  during  the  war. 
White  frocks  and  overalls  were  also  not  uncommon.  After 
the  war,  there  was  a  nondescript  dress,  sometimes  called 
the  "  national  uniform,"  already  described.  The  weapons 
had  been  culverines,  pikes,  cutlasses  and  the  flint-lock  mus- 
ket. The  flint-lock,  though  superseded  by  the  percussion 
cap  musket  some  time  previous,  was  not  rejected  by 
statute  until  1864.  Bayonets,  at  first  fastened  into  the  muz- 
zles of  the  guns  and  then,  in  the  early  part  of  the  eight- 
eenth century,  being  made  detachable,  gradually  took  the 
place  of  the  pikes.  Some  carried  cartouches  with  spaces 
for  1 6  rounds  of  ammunition,  but  the  powder-horn  and 
shot  pouch  were  the  more  generally  used  even  during  the 
Revolution. 

From  i8ntoi8i5,  a  distinct  uniform  was  prescribed  as  fol- 
lows, for  the  militia:  Short  blue  coats  lined  with  white,  faced, 
collared  and  cuffed  with  red  ;  stiff,  stand-up  collar ;  front 
corners  of  coat  turned  up  with  red  ;  white  woolen  vest ;  blue 
woolen  trousers  ;  all  white  buttons  ;  black  stock  of  leather, 
velvet  or  woven  hair  ;  round  black  hat  with  japanned  front- 
ispiece ornamented  with  a  gilt  spread  eagle  and  the  number 
of  the  company  and  regiment ;  black  feather  with  red  tip,  to 
rise  five  inches  above  the  crown  of  the  hat.  For  this  was  soon 
substituted  a  hat  of  "  common  crown,"  brim  turned  up  on 
left  side  to  the  top  of  the  crown.  For  the  men  in  active 
service  the  uniform  was  of  similar  color ;  red  stand-up 
collar,  corners  of  skirts  turned  up  and  connected  with  a 
piece  of  red  cloth  in  the  shape  of  a  diamond,  trimmed  with 
blue  cord  ;  helmet  of  black  jerk  leather  with  a  strip  of 
bear-skin  from  the  front  across  the  crown  to  the  back  ; 
black  feather  with  red  tip  and  a  cockade  four  inches  in  di- 
ameter made  of  black  feathers. 


OF  WATERBURY.  23 


When  the  war  broke  out,  John  Bucking-ham  was  adju- 
tant of  the  Twenty-sixth,  Aner  Bradley,  Jr.,  paymaster 
and  J.  M.  L.  Scovill  sergeant-major.  James  Brown  com- 
manded one  Watefbury  company  with  Edmond  Austin  as 
lieutenant  and  Gideon  Platt  as  ensign.  Lemuel  Porter, 
predecessor  of  Capt.  Brown,  was  major  of  the  regiment 
the  next  year. 

John  Buckingham  and  Aner  Bradley  were  both  commis- 
sioned by  Gov.  John  Cotton  Smith  as  captains  of  companies 
for  the  defense  of  the  State,  but  as  only  one  company  was 
raised  the  command  fell  to  Buckingham.  The  whole  3,000 
men  raised  in  the  State  were  to  be  divided  into  two  brig- 
ades, under  the  command  of  Maj.  Gen.  Solomon  Cowles. 
The  local  company  was  made  the  eighth  company  of  the 
First  regiment,  Lieut.  Col.  Tim  Shepard,  later  Col.  Elihu 
Sanford,  First  brigade.  The  men  were  from  Waterbury, 
Watertown,  Bethlehem  and  Plymouth,  and  the  full  roster 
is  as  follows,  those  marked  with  an  asterisk  serving  only 
from  August  3  or  13  to  September  16  or  20,  1813,  and  those 
with  a  dagger  only  from  September  8  to  October  20,  1814, 
the  others  serving  during  both  periods  : 

Captain,  John  Buckingham. 

First  Lieutenant,  Joseph  Bellamy. 

Second  Lieutenants,  James  M.  L.  Scovill,*  Sheldon 
Hotchkiss.f 

Ensign,  Stevens  Shelton. 

Sergeants:  Eli  Thompson,  Israel  Williams,*  Leveret 
Bishop,*  Daniel  Benham,  Joseph  Tuttle.f 

Corporals:  Lewis  Osborn  (prom,  sergt.),  Isaac  B.  Castle, 
Benjamin  S.  Welton,*  Norris  North.* 

Musicians:  George  Lewis,*  Joseph  Steel,*  John  Thomp- 
son, Butler  Dunbar,  Andrew  Bradley. 

Privates. 


William  H.  Allen, 
Orrin  Austin,f 
Reuben  Bartholomew, 
Joseph  Beebe,* 
Nathan  Benjamin, 

Primous  Bennett,f 
Abraham  Blackman, 
Eldad  Bradley, 
(prom,  corp.), 
Isaac  Bradley, 

Jonathan  Bradley, 
Asa  Bronson, 
Augustus  Brouson, 
Augustus  Brown,f 
Isaac  Bronson,  f 

21 


THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


Privates  —  continued. 

Isaac  Brown,* 

Leonard  Hecock.f 

Eaton  Samson,* 

Ralph  Brown, 

Chauncy  Jerome, 

Ransom  Saxton,f 

Chester  F.  Buckley,f 

Lyman  Jerome,* 

Stebbins  Saxton, 

Calvin  Burwell, 

Isaac  Leavenworth, 

Asa  Scovill.t 

Isaac  Byington,f 

Elisha  S.  Lewis,* 

Joseph  Scovill.f 

Ezra  Canfield.f 

George  Lewis,* 

Abijah  C.  Stoddard 

Asahel  Castle, 

Ransom  Lewis, 

Mark  Stone.f 

Bethel  S.  Castle, 

Horace  W.  Mather,* 

Mark  Storme,* 

Levi  Castle, 

Horace  Mathews,* 

John  Upson, 

Seth  Castle, 

Florian  Mathews,f 

Horatio  Upson, 

William  H.  Castle, 

Miles  Newton, 

Peter  Vanderbogart.f 

Clark  Thompson, 

(prom,  corp.), 

Ard  Warner, 

Loami  Fenn,* 

Isaac  Nichols,f 

Arad  W.  Welton, 

Jarvis  Fitch,  f 

Luther  Pierpont, 

Eri  Welton, 

Sheldon  Gihbs, 

Samuel  Porter, 

Spencer  Wickem,* 

Reuben  Hall,* 

Austin  Pierpont, 

Leonard  Wilcox,* 

David  Hall, 

Seabury  Pierpont, 

Lewis  Wirt,* 

Sherman  Hall,* 

Asher  Pritchard, 

Amos  C.  Woodruff,  f 

Lovet  Hawley, 

Joseph  P.  Riggs,* 

69  Privates. 

It  was  a  time  of  great  confusion  and  much  display  of 
feeling;.  New  England  states  denied  the  right  of  the 
president  to  call  out  the  militia  and  put  them  under  com- 
mand of  a  federal  officer;  they  declaimed  on  the  inexpedi- 
ency of  the  conflict  and  were  inclined  to  assume  toward 
the  government  an  attitude  of  supreme  independence.  In 
consequence,  excitement  ran  high  on  the  day  of  the  depart- 
ure of  the  company  from  Watertown.  But  Capt.  Bucking- 
ham and  his  men  were  thoroughly  in  earnest.  People  had 
gathered  from  far  and  near  to  see  them  off  and  perchance 
to  drop  a  few  words  of  suggestion  or  criticism.  When  the 
preparations  had  been  completed,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Griswold 
approached  the  captain  and  besought  him  to  march  his 
men  to  the  meeting-house,  that  the  minister  might  invoke 
a  blessing  upon  them.  The  captain  consented  on  one  con- 
dition, and  that  was  that  the  minister  make  no  mention  of 
the  war,  threatening  that,  if  the  condition  were  not  com- 
plied with,  he  would  immediately  order  his  men  out  of  the 
sanctuary.  It  is  needless  to  remark  that  the  invocation 
was  unpartisan  in  its  nature.  After  the  ceremony,  the 


OF  WATERBtJRY.  25 

men  sallied  forth  for  New  London,  trusting  God  to  keep 
their  powder  dry.  These  were  men  whose  soundness  of 
judgment  and  inflexibility  of  purpose  in  later  years 
brought  to  the  Naugatuck  valley  a  large  part  of  its  indus- 
trial wealth. 

In  1814,  Waterbury  men  to  the  number  of  15  enlisted  in 
the  regular  army  and  served  about  one  year. 

During  this  war  a  corps  known  as  the  "  volunteer  ex- 
empts "  was  formed.  Of  the  Second  regiment  of  this  corps, 
Frederick  Wolcott  was  colonel  and  Aner  Bradley  lieuten- 
ant colonel.  There  was  one  company  in  Watertown  but 
none  in  Waterbury. 

Maj.  Porter  was  promoted  to  the  lieutenant  colonelcy  of 
the  Twenty-sixth  in  1815,  which  in  that  day  was  the  high- 
est regimental  office,  and  Aaron  Benedict  became  adju- 
tant. Those  were  the  last  promotions  for  Waterbury  men 
under  the  old  regime. 


26  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


V.   The  First  Flank  and  Battalion  Companies. 

The  total  of  the  militia  in  1813  was  12,582,  all  active,  no 
"  enrollment."  There  were  four  divisions,  each  composed 
of  two  brigades  and  each  brigade  averaging  about  50  com- 
panies. Waterbury's  contingent  belonged  to  the  Eighth 
brigade,  Brig.  Gen.  Hinman,  Fourth  division,  Maj.  Gen. 
Taylor  commanding. 

This  great  body  of  men  being  difficult  to  handle,  in  the 
year  1815  there  was  one  of  those  periodical  reorganizations 
in  which  relief  was  sought,  generally  in  vain.  The  number 
of  regiments  was  fixed  at  25,  10  companies  to  a  regiment, 
the  number  of  brigades  at  six  and  the  number  of  divisions 
at  three,  the  law  to  take  effect  the  following  year.  In  each 
regiment  there  was  a  grenadier  or  light  infantry  company, 
later  two.  There  were  five  regiments  of  cavalry,  each 
attached  to  a  brigade  of  infantry,  a  regiment  containing 
four  troops  with  14  privates  in  each.  Then  there  was 
a  brigade  of  artillery,  two  regiments  of  light  and  two 
of  heavy  artillery,  and  20  companies  of  riflemen,  each 
attached  to  some  regiment  of  infantry.  With  the  cavalry 
and  artillery  gradually  diminishing,  this  formation  contin- 
ued till  1847.  In  the  infantry,  the  light  infantry  company 
was  designated  the  flank  company  and  contained  64  pri- 
vates. Later  there  were  two  of  them  to  each  regiment. 
The  others  were  called  battalion  companies.  Uniforms 
were  no  longer  in  vogue. 

By  this  reorganization  the  distinctively  Waterbury  com- 
pany, founded  in  1793,  became  the  First  Flank  company  of 
the  Twenty-second  regiment,  Second  brigade,  First  divis- 
ion, Maj.  Gen.  Solomon  Cowles  commanding.  A  second 
Waterbury  company  made  the  First  Battalion  company  of 
the  regiment.  Brig.  Gen.  John  Brainard  commanded  the 
brigade  and  Col.  Lemuel  Porter  the  regiment.  James 
Brown  was  captain  of  the  Flank  company,  Gideon  Platt, 
Jr.,  first  lieutenant  and  Samuel  Root  ensign.  Of 


OF   WATERBURY.  27 


the  Battalion  company,  Bela  Welton  was  captain,  Pliny 
Sheldon  lieutenant  and  Ransom  Scovill  ensign.  Capt. 
Brown  became  lieutenant-colonel  the  next  year  and  Capt. 
Welton  major,  with  Ambrose  Ives  as  surgeon. 

John  Buckingham  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  Second 
regiment  of  riflemen,  a -position  which  he  held  from  1816 
to  1818.  There  was  one  company  of  riflemen  in  Water- 
town  but  none  in  Waterbury.  In  1820  Waterbury  was  in- 
cluded in  the  broad  district  covered  by  the  Fourth  cavalry 
company,  and  later  in  the  district  covered  by  the  First 
horse  artillery,  but  there  were  not  many  members  of  these 
organizations  here. 

The  records  of  the  light  infantry  Flank  company  for 
many  years  are  still  carefully  preserved  and  were  recently 
presented  to  Company  A,  Second,  C.  N.  G.,by  Aner  Bradley, 
into  whose  possession  they  had  been  given  by  Lieut.  George 
Prichard.  The  names  of  their  'officers  and  men  are 
so  familiar  to-day  as  to  best  show  that  those  "  men  of  old  " 
are  indeed  one  with  us.  On  Capt.  Brown's  promotion  to  the 
lieutenant-colonelcy,  he  was  succeeded  by  Samuel  Root. 
The  lieutenants  were  Anson  Sperry  and  Nathaniel  R. 
Morris. 

The  list  of  non-commissioned  officers,  May  i,  1817,  was: 

Sergeants,  Anson  Sperry,  Enos  Warner,  Horace  Porter, 
Jesse  Scott. 

Corporals,  Asahel  Pritchard,  Ransom  Gibbs  and  Samuel 
Finch. 

Fifes,  David  Gibbs,  Harvey  Hill. 

Drummers,  Samuel  Cook,  Charles  Leonard. 

Privates. 

Augustus  A.  Terrell,  Lyman  Bradley,  Philemon  Holt, 

Samuel  Adaxs,  James  Chatfield,  Joseph  Holt, 

Luther  Allen,  Asahel  Clark,  Artemas  Hoadley, 

Horatio  G.  Bronson,  Stephen  Cowell,  Silas  Hotchkiss, 

Andrew  Bryan,  John  Downs,  Isaac  Hine, 

Auson  Bronson,  Selah  Frost,  John  Hine, 

Isaac  Bronson,  Van  I.  Frost,  Horace  Hotchkiss, 

Jesse  Brown,  David  Hayden,  Ansel  Merrcll, 


THE  MILITARY   HISTORY 


Privates — continued. 

Levi  M.  Marks,  David  Perkins,  Daniel  Tuttle, 

Humphrey  Nicols,  Chauncey  Root,  Hiram  Upson, 

Simeon  C.  Nicols,  Mark  Scott,  Erastus  Warner, 

Garry  Xettleton,  L.  W.  Scott,  Ransom  Waruer, 

Roger  Prichard,  Stephen  Scovill,  Richard  Worthington, 

Gains  Prichard,  Amedeus  Sperry,  Calvin  Burwell. 

Chauncey  Prindle,  Lamberton  Tolles, 

How  closely  those  names  were  identified  with  the  busi- 
ness interests  of  the  community  every  student  of  local 
history  knows. 

And  those  were  the  days  when  Napoleon  said  the  time 
was  coming  when  no  cannon  could  be  fired  anywhere  in 
the  world  without  the  consent  of  the  United  States. 
Oliver  Wolcott  of  Litchfield  was  captain-general  of  the 
Connecticut  militia,  Jonathan  Ingersoll  lieutenant-gen- 
eral, and  Eben  Huntington  adjutant-general. 

In  the  following  long  days  of  peace  there  is  little  to  re- 
cord save  the  election  of  officers,  of  whom  a  full  list  is  given 
at  the  end  of  this  sketch.  In  1818,  W.  R.  Hitchcock  was 
adjutant  of  the  Twenty-second.  In  1832,  Chauncey  Root 
had  attained  the  Colonelcy,  with  Enoch  W.  Frost  major. 
David  B.  Hurd  worked  his  way  up  to  the  command  of  the 
regiment  in  1838.  Stephen  Payne  was  lieutenant-colonel, 
L.  C.  Hall  major,  A.  P.  Judd  adjutant,  Graham  Hurd  pay- 
master, the  Rev.  Jacob  L.  Clark  of  Waterbury  chaplain 
and  Daniel  Porter,  Jr.,  surgeon.  The  next  year  Col.  Hurd 
went  one  step  higher  and  became  commander  of  the  Sec- 
ond brigade.  Merit  Heminway  of  Watertown  commanded 
the  Sixth  brigade.  E.  J.  Porter  reached  the  rank  of  lieu- 
tenant-colonel in  1839,  Levi  Bolster  in  1841,  and  Richard 
Welton  that  of  colonel  in  1844.  Edwin  C.  Birdseye  was 
lieutenant-colonel  and  O.  Ives  Martin  major.  The  staff 
consisted  of  Lucius  P.  Bryan,  Waterbury,  adjutant;  Linus 
Birdseye,  quartermaster;  A.  H.  Martin,  paymaster;  the 
Rev.  A.  Dar row,  chaplain;  Timothy  Langdon,  surgeon,  and 
A.  C.  Woodward,  surgeon's  mate.  The  next  year  Elmore 
E.  Downs  was  paymaster  and  the  Rev.  Jacob  L.  Clark, 
chaplain.  Col.  Welton  resigned  in  1846. 


OP   WATERBURY.  29 


Another  seemingly  important  incident  in  this  period 
was  the  order  promulgated  in  1823  that  thenceforth  the 
flank  companies  should  wear  uniforms.  In  contrast  with 
these  the  other  or  "  battalion"  companies  were  dubbed 
"Ragtoes;"  but  in  course  of  time  the  distinction  was  nearly 
if  not  quite  obliterated. 

There  are  two  other  Waterbury  military  men  whose 
names  should  be  mentioned  here,  Maj.  Julius  J.  Backus 
Kingsbury  and  Capt.  Reuben  Holmes,  of  the  regular 
army,  who  graduated  together  from  West  Point  in  1823. 
Both  distinguished  themselves  in  the  Black  Hawk  and 
other  Indian  wars.  Holmes  became  a  captain  of  dragoons. 
He  died  of  cholera  near  St.  Louis  in  1853.  Kingsbury  was 
promoted  captain  February  13,  1837,  was  breveted  major 
in  August,  1848,  for  bravery  in  the  Mexican  war,  and  was 
appointed  major  of  the  First  Infantry,  May  7,  1849.  He 
was  dismissed  from  the  service  January  27,  1853,  and  died 
in  Washington  four  years  later. 

At  a  period  when  a  great  change  was  about  to  take 
place,  it  is  worth  while  to  glance  back  at  the  military  cus- 
toms of  the  century  up  to  this  date.  There  were  few  regu- 
lar drills  by  companies,  but  twice  a  year  the  companies 
and  once  a  year  the  regiments  met  for  parade  and  inspec- 
tion, in  the  fall  and  in  the  spring.  The  Twenty-second 
met  usually  in  Cheshire,  Meriden  or  Waterbury,  with  head- 
quarters at  some  tavern  or  inn.  Each  man  must  have 
eight  cartridges,  blank  or  weighing  an  i8th  of  a  pound 
each,  two  flints,  one  priming  wire  with  brushes  and  one 
powder  horn  in  addition  to  the  muskets,  bayonets,  knap- 
sacks, etc.  The  commissioned  and  non-commissioned  offi- 
cers held  meetings  before  and  after  training  days,  at  which 
time  they  imposed  fines  for  non-attendance  at  parades  and 
meetings  and  transacted  routine  business.  Generally 
these  meetings  were  held  at  some  tavern,  and  later,  with 
the  company  meetings  also,  at  the  Tontine  Hotel,  which 
was  on  the  south  corner  of  Bank  street  and  Harrison  alley 
and  of  which  Horace  Porter  was  the  far-famed  proprietor. 
The  customs  of  the  day  are  indicated  by  such  simple 


THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


records  as  these  :  "  Bill  for  liquors,  cake,  cheese,  pie,  crack- 
ers, wine  and  cider,  $2;  paid."  "  Liquor  bill  paid  by  Silas 
Hotchkiss  and  Abner  Scott  [privates],  they  having  ap- 
peared with  their  evidence  to  get  off  their  fines."  "  No 
bill  this  evening."  "  Rum,  crackers  and  cheese,  i  shilling 
each  ;  paid." 

Training  days  were  the  red  letter  days  of  the  year  for 
the  towns  in  which  they  were  held,  not  unlike  those  of 
the  previous  century  which  have  already  been  described. 
Ministers,  magistrates  and  veterans  were  invited  to  the  one 
grand  banquet  following  the  "parade,"  and  everyone  drank 
to  the  health  of  the  guests,  never  forgetting  the  clergy. 
The  officers  bore  the  expense  in  this  ratio:  Captain  5, 
lieutenant  4,  ensign  3,  sergeant  2,  corporal  i.  The  parades 
became  more  and  more  of  a  farce.  The  men  presented 
little  uniformity  of  appearance,  either  in  dress  or  disci- 
pline. The  names  on  the  book  of  the  First  Flank 
company  August  26,  1837,  were  put  down  on  condition  that 
the  dress  be  made  "  a  plain  blue  coat,  white  pantaloons, 
white  vest,  and  pantaloons  to  be  trimmed  with  black  rib- 
bon three-quarters  of  an  inch  wide  ;  also  common  black 
hat  with  blue  plume  cockade  and  tassel,  black  stock  and 
boots  and  red  belt  to  go  around  the  shoulder."  This  cos- 
tume gave  them  the  nickname  of  "  The  Blues." 


OF  WATEUBURY.  31 


VI.    Following  The  Flood  Wood  Period. 

With  the  year  1840  came  a  touch  of  discord  ;  perhaps  so 
long  a  peace  had  brought  that  carelessness  which  was 
Caesar's  dread.  In  the  latter  '30*5  the  degenerated  militia 
had  been  termed  in  ridicule  the  Flood  Woods,  a  suggestive 
title  for  the  rag-tag-and-bob-tail  that  appeared  on  training 
days.  "  The  Fantastics"  was  the  title  of  a  motley  crowd  of 
men  and  boys  that  came  out  on  Fourth  of  July  and  on 
other  holidays,  to  make  sport  like  so  many  clow'ns.  They 
were  armed  with  clubs,  broomsticks  and  wooden  swords, 
yet,  parading  together,  it  would  have  been  difficult  to  dis- 
tinguish between  them  and  the  Flood  Woods.  Discipline 
was  held  in  contempt. 

But  up  to  this  time  promotion  with  all  its  emptiness  had 
been  in  regular  order.  This  year,  however,  the  members 
of  the  Flank  company  elected  as  captain  one  Robert  John- 
son, Jr.,  an  outsider  and  almost  a  stranger.  There  was 
little  1;o  be  said  against  his  military  qualities  since  he  had 
received  "  a  military  education  in  the  school  at  Middletown." 
But  he  appeared  a  veritable  martinet  to  the  easy-going 
Waterbury  militiamen  and,  basing  their  complaint  on  the 
manner  of  his  election,  they  forthwith  proceeded  to  exer- 
cise their  innate  spirit  of  independence.  Matters  were 
brought  to  a  crisis  in  May,  1842.  This  is  the  last  entry  in 
the  record  book  : 

"  This  may  certify  that  the  following  persons,  members 
of  the  First  Flank  company,  Twenty-second  regiment,  ap- 
peared near  the  house  of  John  Sandland  in  Waterbury,  on 
the  first  Monday  in  May,  1842,  agreeable  to  a  warning 
issued  by  Robert  Johnson,  then  captain  of  said  company. 
He  not  appearing  the  members  were  inspected  by  George 
Prichard,  lieutenant  of  said  company,  and  were  found  by 
him  to  be  completely  armed  and  equipped  according  to 
law. 

"Attest,  Charles  Scott,  Clerk." 


32  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


George  Pritchard,  Edward  B.  Leavenworth,  David  Wei- 
ton,  Reuben  Tyler,  Samuel  Taylor,  Ralph  Guilford,  Renel 
F.  Sanford,  Charles  S.cott,  William  N.  Russell." 

In  the  very  hour  of  its  semi-centennial,  the  Flank  com- 
pany refused  to  recognize  the  authority  of  its  captain. 
Only  a  short  time  before,  when  it  appeared  under  command 
of  Lieut.  Prichard  at  a  celebration  in  Cheshire,  it  was  said 
of  it:  "There  is  no  better  military  company  in  the  State. 
Their  imiform  is  of  blue  broadcloth  and  silk  with  gilt 
buttons  made  expressly  for  them." 

In  1835,  Stephen  Payne,  who  was  colonel  in  1839,  com- 
manded a  battalion  company  in  which  were  many  Prospect 
men.  The  returns  of  the  company  were  scanty  and  it  is 
not  known  that  their  records  are  extant.  The  officers' 
names  are  given  in  the  list  at  the  end  of  the  book. 

For  light  on  the  chaotic  period  which  followed  these 
days  with  the  final  expiring  flicker  of  the  First  Battalion 
company,  we  are  indebted  largely  to  the  researches  of 
Aner  Bradley  and  to  the  recollections  of  some  of  the  vete- 
rans of  those  days.  Although  there  had  been  some  distin- 
guished .men  among  the  officers,  the  existence  of  the  Bat- 
talion company  on  the  whole  had  been  rather  precarious. 
Lucius  Curtis  was  the  last  captain  chosen  before  the  elec- 
tion of  Richard  Welton  and  the  ensuing  brief  revival.  In 
the  summer  of  1840,  pursuant  to  the  orders  of  Brig.-Gen. 
D.  B.  Kurd,  the  men  assembled  on  the  green  to  make 
choice  of  a  commander.  They  came  provided  with  pitch- 
forks, broom  handles  and  axe  helves;  blacksmiths  with  their 
sleeves  rolled  up  and  wearing  their  aprons,  farmers  in 
their  roughest  dress  and  every  one  else,  who  could  spare 
the  time,  dressed  in  working  clothes  and  bent  upon 
having  some  rare  comedy.  But  Gen.  Kurd  was  on  hand, 
equally  determined  that  there  should  be  some  regard  for 
law  and  order.  In  voting  the  men  passed  through  between 
the  sides  of  the  old  hay  scales  which  were  where  the  Carrie 
Welton  drinking  fountain  now  stands.  For  nearly  two 
hours  they  had  their  sport,  voting  for  all  the  incompetent 
"  characters "  of  the  town,  they  could  think  of.  At  last, 


OF   WATERBUUY. 


much  to  his  own  surprise,  Mr.  Curtis  was  elected,  to  the  sat- 
isfaction of  the  general.  With  the  others,  he  looked  upon 
the  matter  as  a  good  deal  of  a  joke.  Placing  him 
at  the  head  of  the  procession,  the  men  marched 
around  the  town,  impressing  a  farmer's  wagon  on 
the  way,  until  they  brought  up  at  the  Mansion  house, 
kept  by  Edward  S.  Chittenden.  According  to  the 
spirit  of  the  times,  Capt.  Curtis  brought  forth  pail 
after  pail  of  rum  punch  with  which  the  men  regaled  them- 
selves until,  becoming  boisterous,  they  made  dire  threats 
against  Curtis.  At  this  juncture  however,  the  general  in- 
terfered, the  captain  went  home  in  peace  and  the  general 
retired,  remarking  that  if  they  had  not  elected  a  captain  he 
would  have  kept  them  on  the  green  all  night. 

Capt.  Curtis  *  proved  a  good  man  for  the  position  and 
was  enthusiastically  assisted  in  his  difficult  task  by  Richard 
Welton  and  Henry  Merriman  who  were  elected  lieutenant 
and  ensign  the  following  year  to  succeed  Arthur  Hunt 
and  George  Merriman.  Capt.  Curtis  was  succeeded  by 
Lieut.  Richard  Welton.  Mr.  Welton.  a  man  of  considerable 
property,  was  perhaps  the  most  popular  man  in  town.  His 
stage  route  to  Meriden  was  deservedly  famous  for  its 
splendid  equipment  and  good  service.  Whatever  he  put 
his  hand  to  succeeded.  The  company  had  reason  to  con- 
gratulate itself  when  he  took  command.  But  in  1844  Capt. 
Welton  became  Col.  Welton.  Lieut.  Merriman,  backed 
by  Ensign  Charles  T.  Grilley,  kept  the  command  of  the 
company  until  W.  B.  Umberfield  was  elected  captain  in 
1845.  Daniel  Judd  and  Henry  Smith  came  in  with  him  as 
lieutenant  and  ensign. 

September  16,  1845,  Col.  Welton  held  a  review  of  the  regi- 
ment in  Waterbury.  In  its  palmiest  days  it  had  paraded  a 
good  1000  men  but  now  only  450  responded  to  the  call  and 
after  a  parade  and  prayer  by  Chaplain  Jacob  L.  Clark,  the 

*During  the  Rebellion  he  went  as  a  corporal  in  Company  C  of  the 
Fourteenth  C.  V. ,  one  of  the  oldest  men  in  the  regiment  but  determined 
to  help  his  country  in  time  of  need.  He  was  wounded  at  Antietam  and 
returned  home  to  live  to  a  ripe  old  age. 


34  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 

men  were  dismissed  for  dinner.  In  the  afternoon  they 
were  reviewed  by  Brig.-Gen.  F.  D.  Mills,  who  bestowed 
much  praise  upon  the  Waterbury  company,  but  more  upon 
that  from  Meriden.  The  fact  was  that,  do  what  they 
might,  interest  was  waning.  Naugatuck  having  been  set 
off,  the  population  of  Waterbury  was  but  3393  and  the 
young  men  here  as  elsewhere  had  too  much  pride  to  have 
any  thing  to  do  with  a  burlesque  such  as  the  militia  had 
become.  Col.  Welton  finding  that  he  had  undertaken  too 
great  a  task  in  bringing  the  Twenty-second  up  to  its  old 
standard  resigned  in  1846.  Edwin  Birdseye  succeeded  him 
and  was  the  last  colonel  of  the  regiment.  The  great  change 
in  the  militia  system  of  the  state  took  place  the  following 
year. 

Although  Waterbury  made  no  more  returns  of  a  company 
and  had  no  representation  in  the  new  Second  regiment 
until  1854  a  company  was  kept  up  after  a  fashion  under 
Capt.  Umberfield  and  Capt.  Henry  Smith  with  consider- 
able aid  from  Paymaster  Samuel  Pritchard  who  was  also 
called  "captain." 


OP  WATERBBRY.  85 


VII.   The  Mexican  War. 


Since  the  Mexican  war  was  not  one  "  to  enforce  the  laws 
of  the  union,  to  suppress  insurrection  "  nor  "  to  repel  in- 
vasion," under  the  law  the  militia  as  such  could  not  be 
ordered  out.  Consequently  the  president  made  a  call  for 
12  months'  troops  in  1846.  The  people  of  Connecticut  hav- 
ing weighed  the  matter  carefully  concluded  that  as  yet 
there  was  no  necessity  of  their  traveling  that  distance  to 
settle  the  quarrel  and  did  not  respond  with  even  as  much 
alacrity  as  they  did  in  1812. 

Early  in  1847  a  New  Haven  paper  said  that  Charles  E. 
Moss  had  raised  a  company  of  70  dragoons  in  this  vicinity 
with  the  expectation  that  they  would  be  accepted  by  the 
president  under  the  new  law.  "  They  are  active,  stalwart 
boys  and  will  follow  where  any  man  dare  lead."  The  item 
was  copied  into  the  Boston  papers  much  to  the  amusement 
of  the  Waterbury  people  who  had  not  seen  or  heard  of  even 
the  first  man  who  had  actually  enrolled  his  name  in  this 
company  of  stalwart  dragoons.  It  was  true  that  Mr.  Moss 
had  proffered  his  services  to  his  country  but  in  general, 
while  entertaining  charitable  views  concerning  the  war, 
the  people  in  this  section,  all  parties  included,  were  not 
inclined  to  give  it  a  very  hearty  support.  A  meeting  was 
called  of  those  in  favor  of  sustaining  the  action  of  the  gov- 
ernment and  to  condemn  the  Wilmot  proviso.  It  resulted 
in  a  failure,  the  chairman  of  the  meeting  having  opened  it 
by  declaring  his  approval  of  the  proviso  and  his  unwaver- 
ing hostility  to  the  extension  of  slavery.  The  "  dragoons  " 
were  the  subject  of  considerable  ridicule,  one  man  describ- 
ing them  thus 

"  Those  seventy  hypothetical  loons 
Called  '  Capt.  Moss's  stalwart  dragons.'  " 

In  March  1847,  Lieut.  Asa  A.  Stoddard  came  here  and 
established  a  recruiting  station  in  Washington  hall  for  the 


THE  MILITARY  HISTOBY 


United  States  infantry.  For  a  time  the  uniforms  of  sev- 
eral who  enlisted  served  as  a  bait  to  others  but  their  num- 
ber was  few.  Then  Capt.  Lorenzo  Johnson  came  and  ob- 
tained 10  recruits  for  the  10  regiments  that  were  to  be  in 
readiness  at  a  moment's  notice.  Lieut.  Stoddard's  recruits 
left  for  Newport  (with  the  only  regiment  New  England 
raised)  in  April  whence  they  sailed  May  28  in  the  steamer 
North  Bend  for  Vera  Cruz  to  join  Gen.  Scott's  command, 
reaching  there  June  26.  Charles  E.  Moss,  later  a  sergeant 
in  the  Third  dragoons,  was  one  of  them.  They  were  as- 
signed to  the  Ninth  regiment  to  serve  under  Brig.  Gen. 
Pierce  of  New  Hampshire.  The  regiment  showed  great 
bravery  at  the  storming  of  Chepultepec,  being  the  first  to 
mount  the  wall.  It  was  in  this  war  that  Maj.  Kingsbury 
won  his  brevet.  Dr.  A.  N.  Bell  of  Waterbury  was  a  sur- 
geon in  the  Gulf  squadron. 

The  enlisted  men  who  went  from  here  were  :  Joseph 
Grilley  (deserted),  Lewis  E.  Grilley  (died  October  16), 
Manly  Grilley  (record  of  service  not  shown),  Sergt. 
Edmund  B.  Gilbert  (Goshen),  and  James  Ranger  (record  of 
service  not  shown)  all  of  Company  I,  Ninth  infantry, 
enlisted  March  20,  1847  ;  Henry  R.  Hatchett,  Companies  A 
and  B,  Ninth  infantry,  March  17,  1847,  died  September  17, 
1847;  Samuel  L.  Hickox  (New  Haven)  Companies  G  and  I, 
Ninth  infantry,  March  20  to  December  6,  1847;  George  F. 
Hotchkiss  (Cheshire),  Companies  G  and  I,  Ninth  infantry, 
April  19,  1847,  to  August  21,  1848;  Charles  E.  Moss  (Litch- 
field)  Company  K,  Ninth  infantry,  transferred  to  Company 
E,  Third  dragoons  and  promoted  sergeant,  March  18,  1847 
to  July  24,  1848;  Charles  Phelps,.  Company  E,  Sixth  infan- 
try, March  18,  1847,  to  July  31,  1848 


OF  WATERBUKT.  87 


VIII.   Militia  Reorganization-Company  H. 


The  militia  of  the  State  in  1848  had  attained  its  greatest 
number,  53,191,  of  whom  1,704  were  riflemen,  1,575  artillery, 
508  heavy  artillery  and  692  cavalry.  There  were  960  com- 
panies divided  into  six  brigades.  The  condition  of  affairs 
throughout  the  State  was  practically  the  same  as  we  have 
seen  in  Waterbury.  What  was  everybody's  business  was 
nobody's.  Realizing  the  need  of  a  radical  change,  the 
General  Assembly  in  1847  decided  to  make  two  classes  of 
all  able-bodied  males  between  18  and  35  (later  45),  the  ac- 
tive and  the  inactive  or  enrolled  militia.  The  commuta- 
tion or  poll  tax  was  fixed  at  $i  (later  $2),  which  entitled 
the  citizen  to  exemption  from  service.  Duty  for  at  least 
three  successive  days  was  required  of  the  soldiers,  the 
State  to  pay  them  $1.50  a  day.  There  was  to  be  but  one 
division  and  two  brigades,  four  regiments  to  each  brigade. 
The  First,  Third,  Fifth  and  Seventh  regiments  of  Hart- 
ford, New  London,  Tolland  and  Windham  counties  re- 
spectively formed  the  First  brigade,  and  the  Second, 
Fourth,  Sixth  and  Eighth  of  New  Haven,  Litchfield,  Mid- 
dletown  and  Fairfield  counties  the  Second.  The  office  of 
third  lieutenant  was  substituted  for  that  of  ensign.  All 
ununiformed  and  most  uniformed  infantry  companies 
were  disbanded,  the  Waterbury  companies  being  legally 
abolished  in  1848.  The  uniform  consisted  of  a  dark  blue, 
double-breasted  coat  edged  with  white  cassimere;  turn 
back  and  skirt  linings  of  white;  silvered  buttons;  black 
beaver  cap  seven  and  a  half  inches  high  with  lacquered 
sunk  top  seven  and  a  half  inches  in  diameter;  a  band  of 
black  patent  leather  encircling  the  bottom  of  the  cap;  a 
black  patent  leather  peak;  silver  bugle  with  number  of  the 
regiment  and  surmounted  by  a  gilt  eagle;  plume  of  white 
feathers;  chin  strap;  trousers  of  sky-blue  with  white 
stripes.  The  Second  regiment,  Col.  Nicholas  S.  Hallen- 
beck  of  New  Haven,  was  made  up  of  companies  in  this 


THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


vicinity,  including  one  from  Wolcott,  but  Waterbury  had 
no  formal  representation.  William  T.  King  of  Sharon 
was  brigadier-general.  Clark  Bissell  was  governor  and 
George  P.  Shelton  of  Southbury,  adjutant  general.  The 
number  of  companies  was  again  reduced,  in  1850,  to  99 
with  2,904  men  and  once  more  in  1852  to  58  companies, 
2,045  men. 

In  actual  fact,  the  State  had  as  yet  done  little  for  the  mi- 
litia. The  volunteers  who  succeeded  the  ridiculous  Flood 
Woods  were  the  very  best  of  material  ;  but,  in  Connecticut 
as  in  the  other  states,  it  was  to  require  a  Bull  Run  to  dem- 
onstrate that  zeal  and  patriotism  alone,  even  when  united 
with  Spartan  courage,  cannot  make  the  soldier.  The  first 
bloody  disasters  of  the  war  and  the  succeeding  long  period 
of  delay  in  active  hostilities  were  due  to  nothing  so  much 
as  to  the  criminal  negligence  of  the  states  in  failing  to 
properly  encourage  or  support  their  citizen  soldiers  during 
the  years  immediately  preceding.  As  a  penalty,  thousands 
of  homes  to-day  mourn  the  heroes  whose  bravery,  with  lit- 
tle other  science  than  that  which  costly  experience  taught, 
preserved  the  Union. 

But  the  mere  reduction  of  numbers  by  the  law  of 
1847,  coupled  with  the  premonitions  of  danger  ahead  in 
the  '50*8,  had  alone  served  to  arouse  in  the  breasts  of  Wa- 
terbury men  the  spirit  which  had  possessed  their  fore- 
fathers and  which  had  raised  so  many  of  them  to  high  po- 
sitions. While  they  had  held  empty  titles  and  idle  forms 
in  fitting  contempt,  earnest  organization,  though  still  com- 
ing from  the  people  rather  than  from  the  State,  was  attrac- 
tive to  them. 

Early  in  the  year  1854  there  was  a  meeting  of  prominent 
young  men  to  discuss  the  formation  of  a  new  military  com- 
pany. In  May  there  was  talk  of  organizing  a  voluntary 
military  company  under  the  auspices  of  Protector  Fire 
Engine  company.  "  Father  "  E.  B.  Cooke  of  the  American, 
always  an  admirer  and  promoter  of  the  militia,  said  in  the 
issue  of  his  paper  of  May  26,  1854  :  "  No  argument  is 
needed  from  us  to  urge  upon  the  community  the  expediency 


OP   WATERBUUY. 


or  the  importance  of  sustaining  such  a  corps  even  for  the 
credit  of  the  city."  And  then  he  besought  the  citizens  to 
help  on  the  cause  in  a  substantial  way. 

Meanwhile  John  L.  Chatfield  and  Chandler  N.  Wayland, 
as  a  committee  from  the  meeting  of  young  men,  had  been 
soliciting  names  for  a  company.  Their  labors  being 
crowned  with  success,  their  petition  was  duly  forwarded 
to  headquarters.  Thomas  Guyer  of  South  Norwalk  was 
major-general  of  the  State,  N.  S.  Hallenbeck  of  New  Haven 
was  at  the  head  of  the  Second  brigade  and  Col.  John  Ar- 
nold of  New  Haven  commanded  the  Second  regiment  of 
that  brigade  to  which  this  company  desired  to  be  attached. 
In  the  whole  State  there  were  49  companies  with  2,467  pri- 
vates, 1,305  of  whom  were  in  the  Second  brigade. 

About  September  i,  this  military  "corps"  began  to 
assume  shape  under  the  name  of  the  American  Rifle  com- 
pany with  Richard  Hunting  as  captain.  A  New  Haven 
man,  startled  by  the  word  "  rifle,"  was  led  to  argue  thus 
for  the  benefit  of  the  novitiates:  '* Adopt  the  musket, 
either  infantry  or  light  infantry,  instead  of  the  rifle.  The 
rifle  state  uniform  (blue  or  green)  and  the  want  of  bayo- 
nets makes  a  company  look  insignificant  in  size  and 
appearance.  Besides,  the  rifle  can  never  be  practiced  in 
any  infantry  regiment  as  this  one  is — especially  the  field 
movements,  and  in  case  of  rout,  riflemen  are  not  equal  to 
half  the  number  of  well-armed  musketeers."  The  musket 
was  the  old  smooth  bore  firing  buck-shot;  the  rifle  fired  a 
bullet.  The  rifle  was  adopted. 

The  petition  of  the  company  having  been  granted  it 
became  Company  H  of  the  Second  regiment.  The  special 
name  chosen  finally  was  City  guard.  The  first  regular 
meeting  was  held  September  22,  1854.  Wednesday  even- 
ing, November  i,  in  the  presence  of  Col.  Arnold  and  Capt. 
Charles  T.  Candee  of  the  New  Haven  "  Grays  "  in  Temper- 
ance hall,  full  organization  was  completed  by  the  election 
of  the  following  officers:  Richard  Hunting  captain,  John 
L.  Chatfield  first  lieutenant,  (recently  a  lieutenant  in  the 
Derby  company),  Aner  Bradley  Jr.  second  lieutenant, 


40  THK  MILITARY  HISTORY 

Rufus  Leonard,  third  lieutenant;  sergeants,  Richard  Allen, 
James  M.  Colley,  James  E.  Wright,  Timothy  Guilford;  cor- 
porals, George  W.  Cheney,  William  A.  Peck,  George  Doo- 
little,  Hanford  E.  Isbell;  musicians,  C.  B.  Merrill,  Henry 
Chatfield,  Dennis  Chatfield.  Benjamin  P.  Chatfield  was 
treasurer,  Chandler  N.  Wayland  clerk  and  Alexander  Hine 
armorer.  R.  Hunting,  Edmund  Jordan,  B.  P.  Chatfield, 
Alexander  Hine  and  Richard  Allen  had  been  the  com- 
mittee to  secure  the  drill  room.  S.  G.  B.  Beales  and  Mar- 
cus Coon  were  the  committee  on  printing  the  by-laws. 
The  members  elected  at  a  previous  meeting,  October  4,  were 
Timothy  Guilford,  Rufus  Leonard,  F.  A.  Warner,  I.  G.  Far- 
don  Jr.,  Henry  B.  Platt  and  Aner  Bradley  Jr.  At  the 
next  meeting  Chauncey  B.  Webster,  Charles  Espe,  James 
E.  Wright  and  Lewis  Young  were  taken  in.  That  night, 
October  13,  they  had  their  first  experience  in  drill.  At  the 
last  meeting  before  formal  organization  the  new  members 
elected  were:  John  C.  Eggleston,  Phineas  D.  Warner  and 
William  Scott.  Thus  the  company  started  out  with  a 
goodly  number  in  addition  to  which  there  were  40  hon- 
orary members  who  were  to  pay  $5  a  year.  Expenses  were 
paid  by  renting  the  drill  room  which  they  had  leased, 
Temperance  hall  over  Benedict  &  Burnham's  store  at  the 
corner  of  Bank  street  and  Harrison  alley  on  the  very  site 
of  the  old  Tontine  where  the  light  infantry  had  drilled. 
The  name  of  the  drill  room  was  soon  after  changed  to 
Military  hall. 

April  13,  1855,  it  was  voted  that  the  Second  brigade 
should  have  an  encampment  in  the  fall  and  the  question 
of  locality,  lying  between  New  Haven  and  Waterbury,  was 
decided  in  favor  of  the  latter  "  because  the  New  Haven 
and  Hartford  railroad  was  not  liberal  in  its  dealings  with 
military  companies  and  it  was  desirable  to  select  a  place 
accessible  by  other  roads."  Despite  this  disadvantage  and 
this  decision,  however,  the  encampment  was  finally  held 
in  New  Haven.  The  regiment  was  then  composed  of  ten 
companies  as  follows:  New  Haven,  four  infantry  and  one 
artillery;  Meriden,  one  infantry;  Derby,  one  infantry; 


OF   WATERBTJRY.  41 


West  Haven,  one  infantry;  Waterbury,  one  infantry;  Bir- 
mingham, one  rifle.  Stephen  W.  Kellogg  was  paymaster 
of  the  regiment. 

May  25,  1855,  the  company  paraded  for  the  first  time  in 
uniform.  There  were  40  odd  names  on  the  rolls  but  only 
25  turned  out,  "many  being  debarred  from  equipping 
themselves  for  the  present  in  consequence  of  the  disar- 
rangement of  the  times."  With  a  band  they  marched 
through  the  principal  streets  and,  says  the  American,  "  their 
soldier-like  bearing  was  the  subject  of  commendation  by 
all  who  saw  them  and,  considering  the  short  time  the  sol- 
diers had  for  practice  and  drill,  their  maneuvering  was 
highly  creditable  to  their  improvement."  In  the  forenoon 
they  lunched  at  the  Scovill  house  and  supper  was  served 
by  Landlord  Thayer  at  the  City  hotel  in  the  evening. 

Companies  D  and  E  of  New  Haven  and  B  of  Birming- 
ham were  disbanded  this  year  because  their  members' were 
foreign  born  which,  according  to  the  law,  was  "  inconsistent 
with  the  spirit  of  our  institutions."  Experience  was  soon 
to  work  an  emphatic  abolition  of  such  a  law. 

With  a  full-fledged  military  company  to  help  it  out,  the 
t/.wn  now  planned  a  monster  Fourth  of  July  celebration. 
The  company,  "  with  new  plumes  added  to  its  uniform  " 
and  headed  by  Merrill's  band,  led  the  procession  to  a  lot 
on  Grove  street  "  at  the  head  of  Willow  "  where  there  was 
to  be  a  grand  balloon  ascension.  Though  the  ascension  was 
a  fizzle,  the  people  got  enjoyment  enough  out  of  the  sol- 
diery. August  4  there  was  a  target  shoot  in  the  rain 
which  caused  the  editorial  comment,  "  They  are  no  mere 
weather  troops."  And  this  rain  on  target-shoot  days 
seems  to  have  become  an  established  thing. 

The  endeavor  was  earnest  and  general  to  make  the  mil- 
itia something  more  than  a  party  of  holiday  excursionists. 
In  1854  the  State  allowed  $iocxa  year  for  armory  rent  to 
each  company.  For  the  following  year  enrollment  was  done 
away  with  since  Congress  had  voted  to  make  the  military 
appropriation  according  to  the  number  of  representatives 
and  senators  instead  of  according  to  enrollment.  In  1856 


42  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


the  Legislature  called  the  attention  of  Congress  to  the 
fact  that  the  national  government  still  appropriated  but 
$200,000  for  arms  for  all  the  states,  the  same  as  in  1808. 
The  poll  tax  was  50  cents.  That  year  it  was  urged  that 
uniforms  be  made  compulsory.  Guyer  and  Arnold  being 
promoted,  W.  A.  Leffingwell  of  New  Haven  became  col- 
onel of  the  Second  and  A.  H.  Terry  of  New  Haven  lieuten- 
ant-colonel, Terry  succeeding  to  the  command  in  1858.  A 
law  had  been  passed  ordering  a  three  days'  encampment 
of  the  officers  at  Hartford  for  instruction  under  Col.  W.  W. 
Tompkins  of  New  York.  Despite  the  fact  that  the  Water- 
'bury  officers  "  held  an  informal  meeting  in  Oilman's  saloon 
to  consider  the  new  law,"  it  went  into  effect  and  the  cus- 
tom was  not  abolished  by  law  until  the  reorganization  in 
1865.  The  law  also  allowed  an  encampment  of  from  two 
to  three  days  for  each  brigade,  reduced  to  one  day  by  act 
of  June  24,  1859. 

Camp  Ledyard,  New  Haven,  September  5,  6,  7,  1855,  was 
Company  H's  first  camp.  Just  before  this,  August  6,  Third 
Lieut.  Leonard  had  resigned  and  had  been  succeeded  by 
Sergt  Wright.  The  New  Haven  Register  gives  us  a  view 
of  that  camp  which  is  not  so  startlingly  different  from 
that  of  to-day  as  seen  through  the  lay  reporters'  eyes: 
"During  the  whole  of  yesterday  afternoon  and  until  u 
o'clock,  there  was  a  continual  procession  of  vehicles  and 
pedestrians  to  the  camp,  and  the  noise  and  bustle  and  the 
jolly  crowds  indicated  a  gala  day.  The  evening  passed  off 
without  any  serious  disturbance,  owing  to  the  vigilance  of 
the  officers  and  their  subordinates  who  were  on  the  alert 
to  convey  offenders  to  the  guard  house.  And  if  there  were 
any  put  there  it  was  no  fault  of  theirs  but  of  the  whiskey. 
We  saw  no  person  intoxicated  but  one  individual  looking 
down  the  line  of  tents  inquired  which  was  Chapel  street. 
Many  ladies  were  on  the  ground  to  witness  the  novel  spec- 
tacle of  a  military  camp  and  the  illumination  and  were  en- 
tertained in  the  marquee  by  Col.  Arnold.  The  weather  has 
been  unusually  favorable  for  the  parade  ;  the  regiment 
could  not  have  selected  two  finer  days  this  season.  One 


OF   WATERBtJRY.  43 


hundred  and  twelve  tents,  each  brightly  illuminated  and 
spread  as  they  were  over  large  surface,  presented  a  beauti- 
ful appearance." 

But  parade  and  camp  days  were  not  the  only  ones  for 
outing.  Occasionally  the  most  off-hand  kind  of  trips  were 
made  to  other  towns.  Ttms  October  20,  the  company  took 
Merrill's  band  and  made  an  excursion  to  Naugatuck,  the 
rain  proving  no  detriment.  Principal  A.  N.  Lewis  wel- 
comed them  in  front  of  Lane's  hotel,  they  drilled  in  Nich- 
ols hall  and  on  the  green,  and  ended  with  the  usual  ban- 
quet. It  is  noted  of  this  occasion  that  "  Col.  Welton  had 
charge  of  the  transportation." 

The  date  of  the  company's  conception '  rather  than  that 
of  the  organization  was  taken  in  those  days  for  anniver- 
saries. Without  any  disparagement  of  the  men  who  later 
were  to  show  to  the  whole  world  of  what  stuff  they  were 
made,  it  may  be  said  that  they  seemed  to  seek  almost  any 
excuse  for  a  banquet.  To  be  a  good  after-dinner  speaker 
was  quite  a  requisite  for  a  soldier  ;  it  was  the  only  inheri- 
tance, if  such  it  may  be  called,  from  the  days  of  the  Flood 
Woods.  And  measured  by  this  standard  as  well  as  by  any 
other,  it  must  be  acknowledged  that  there  was  a  company 
full  of  good  soldiers.  The  laurels  they  won  at  those  par- 
ades and  banquets  are  still  green  upon  the  brows  of  many 
to-day.  They  celebrated  March  26,  1856,  for  their  second 
anniversary,  parading  in  the  mud  in  the  day  time  and  din- 
ing at  the  Scovill  house  in  the  evening,  the  menu  compris- 
ing 99  different  articles.  Apparently  the  "  disarranged 
times  "  had  come  somewhat  more  into  joint.  May  i  there 
was  another  rain  storm  and  an  election  parade  in  New  Ha- 
ven ;  May  28,  more  rain,  a  parade  and  drill  and  June  28  the 
same. 

The  camp  of  1856  was  known  as  Camp  Scott  and  also  was 
at  New  Haven,  August  26,  27  and  28.  The  officers  and  men 
of  the  brigade  numbered  800  of  whom  nearly  half  belonged 
to  the  Second  regiment.  There  were  250  tents.  "  Company 
H  was  one  of  the  best  appearing  and  one  of  the  most 
highly  eulogized."  October  25,  Lieut.  Chatfield  efficiently 


44  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


commanded  at  the  target  shoot  on  Benedict's  meadow  on 
South  Main  street.  Lieut.  Chatfield  won  first  prize,  $12, 
Priv.  W.  B.  Gibbud  second,  $9,  and  Corp.  Isbell  third  $7. 
On  this  occasion  the  company  played  the  host  and  enter- 
tained the  Cheshire  guard,  Capt.  Welton  commanding,  and 
Mayor  John  W.  Webster  presided  over  the  banquet  pro- 
vided by  Brown  &  Dart  at  the  Scovill  house. 

An  epoch  in  the  history  of  the  company  and  of  the  town 
was  the  election  of  Lieut.  John  L.  Chatfield  to  the  captain- 
cy March  28,  1857.  Capt.  Hunting,  who  had  done  so  much 
toward  organizing  the  company,  and  Lieut.  Wright  both 
having  resigned,  Aner  Bradley  Jr.  was  elected  first  lieuten- 
ant, Timothy  Guilford  second  and  Martin  B.  Smith  third. 
The  sergeants  were  Marcus  Coon,  Frank  C.  Buckland,  H. 
N.  Place,  F.  A.  Spencer ;  .corporals,  C.  F.  Church,  H.  L. 
Snagg,  John  W.  Hill,  H.  E.  Isbell.  On  this  day  the  compa- 
ny celebrated  its  third  anniversary.  It  was  reviewed  by 
Mayor  John  W.  Webster  and  Paymaster  Kellogg.  The  reg- 
ulation banquet  was  enjoyed  at  the  Scovill  house  and  the 
members  of  the  company  gave  to  Capt.  Hunting  a  loaf- 
cake,  also  a  "beautiful hard-rubber,  gold-headed  cane," and 
to  Lieut.  Wright  "  a  rich  pearl-handled  knife." 

This  epoch  was  followed  closely  by  another,  when  the 
still  far-off  rumblings  of  war,  laughed  at  by  some,  were 
full  of  portent  to  others.  The  women  of  the  city,  whose 
encouragement  had  already  been  inspiration  for  the  men, 
had  resolved  to  give  tangible  evidence  of  their  interest. 
To  this  end  they  had  procured  a  beautiful  silk  flag  adorned 
with  rich  gold  trimmings.  On  one  side,  in  letters  of  gold, 
were  the  words  : 


WATERBDRY  CITY  GUARD. 


and  on  the  other, 


PRESENTED  BY  THE  LADIES  OF 
WATERBDRY. 


OF  WATERBURY.  45 


The  presentation  was  made  through  Dr.  P.  G.  Rockwell 
after  the  annual  parade  May  28,  and  the  occasion  was 
indeed  impressive.  In  responding  Ex-Capt.  Hunting 
showed  his  knowledge  of  the  men  who  had  served  under 
him  even  as  all  people  should  know  later,  when  he  said 
that  no  stain  should  ever  sully  the  fair  folds  of  the  flag  and 
it  never  should  be  surrendered  even  if  its  defense  meant 
the  knell  of  the  last  member.  Most  sacredly  is  that  flag 
preserved  to-day  by  the  successors  of  those  men  whom  it 
inspired  to  victory. 

They  turned  out  July  4  with  30  muskets  under  the  com- 
mand of  Lieut.  Bradley  and  this  time  the  balloon  ascension 
was  a  success.  The  Bridgeport  Washington  Light  guard, 
Maj.  Middlebrook,  were  the  guests  of  the  City  guard.  That 
year  the  encampment  was  in  Ansonia  for  three  days  from 
September  16  and  it  was  named  after  Col.  David  Humph- 
rey, one  of  Washington's  aids.  Col.  Leffingwell  was  at  this 
time  in  command  of  the  Second. 

From  that  time  no  public  celebration  or  parade  was  com- 
plete without  the  presence  of  the  militia,  the  pride  of  the 
town.  On  the  suggestion  of  Lieut.  Aner  Bradley,  the  first 
general  celebration  in  Waterbury  of  Washington's  birth- 
day was  made  February  22,  1858,  the  City  guard  firing  the 
national  salute  at  sunrise  under  direction  of  Marcus  Coon, 
raising  the  flag  on  the  liberty  pole  on  center  square,  and 
giving  a  parade  in  the  afternoon  and  a  ball  in  the  evening 
with  the  never-to-be-omitted  supper. 

May  4  of  that  year  Lieut.  Col.  Alfred  H.  Terry — who  was 
to  become  the  most  remarkable  volunteer  federal  officer  of 
the  Rebellion — was  elected  colonel  of  the  Second  vice  W. 
A.  Leffingwell  resigned  ;  Maj.  Ledyard  Colburn  declining 
the  lieutenant  colonelcy,  Adjt.  J.  M.  Woodward  was  chosen. 
The  regiment  numbered  325  men. 

Hardee's  tactics  were  introduced  in  August.  The  first 
tactics  known  to  the  early  militia  were  those  of  Col.  Hum- 
phrey Bland,  an  Englishman,  adopted  in  1743.  These  were 
followed  by  the  "Norfolk  Militia  Exercise,"  "ordered  by 


THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


his  majesty,"  in  1764  and  continued  in  general  use  till  1775. 
The  system  of  Baron  Von  Steuben  was  adopted  in  1779. 
The  next  change  was  not  made  until  1824  when  Darrow's 
tactics  were  prescribed,  to  be  followed  in  turn  by  Scott's, 
Hardee's,  Casey's  and  Upton's  which  last  named  are  in 
vogue  to-day  in  the  militia  and  in  the  regular  army. 

May  1 6,  1858,  the  company  participated  in  a  torch-light 
parade  in  celebration  of  the  laying  of  the  first  Atlantic 
cable.  Charles  Porter's  meadow  near  Holmes,  Booth  & 
Haydens'  was  the  scene  of  the  target  shoot  October  23. 
Each  man  was  allowed  three  shots  and  they  riddled  the 
target,  Sergt.  Place  winning  the  first  prize.  Returning 
they  saluted  at  several  places  with  volley  firing  and  then 
dined  at  Brown's  hotel  on  invitation  of  Maj.  Partree. 

But,  as  may  well  be  imagined,  it  was  not  at  all  plain  sail- 
ing for  a  military  company  in  those  days  when  success  de- 
pended almost  entirely  on  individual  effort  with  little  and 
uncertain  aid  from  the  State.  The  American  of  February 
n,  1859,  gives  this  picture  of  the  times:  "When  the 
struggles  of  this  admirable  company  are  taken  in  view, 
during  the  past  few  years,  the  time  and  money  expended 
by  its  members  to  keep  up  its  ranks  and  sustain  the  hon- 
orable standing  it  has  acquired,  our  citizens  might  not, 
cannot  look  on  with  indifference  in  regard  to  its  future 
prosperity.  The  very  idea  of  its  possible  disbandment 
makes  one  nervous,  and  still  its  slow  increase  in  members 
does  not  speak  very  favorably  for  the  military  ardor  of 
Young  America  hereabouts."  But  Capt.  Chatfield  was 
there  and  for  him  there  was  no  such  word  as  fail.  February 
1 8  the  company  gave  him  a  token  of  their  appreciation  of 
his  services.  That  evening  was  held  the  fifth  annual  ball 
in  Hotchkiss  hall,  Dodworth's  quadrille  band  from  New 
York  furnishing  the  music.  There  were  200  present  and 
the  newspaper  says:  "Never  so  brilliant  and  respectable  a 
ball  ever  graced  that  splendid  hall."  Dinner  was  served 
at  the  Scovill  house  after  which  ex-Capt.  Hunting,  in  the 
name  of  the  company,  presented  to  Capt.  Chatfield  an 


OP   WATERBURY.  4? 


Ames  sword  of  the  finest  workmanship  and  in  an  elegant 
case.* 

At  the  annual  parade  on  May  30,  the  company  appeared 
with  the  latest  marvel  in  the  way  of  firearms — muskets 
"after  the  model  of  1855  with  Maynard's  primer  attached, 
bayonets  fixed  on  with  a  clasp,  a  light  and  beautiful  piece. 
It  is  the  only  company  in  the  State  that  has  them."  First 
Lieut.  Aner  Bradley  having  resigned,  Second  Lieut. 
Timothy  Guilfordwas  chosen  as  his  successor,  First  Sergt. 
Marcus  Coon  was  made  lieutenant  and  H.  N.  Place  first 
sergeant.  As  evidence  of  their  esteem  for  a  zeal  which 
had  done  so  much  for  them,  the  company  presented  to 
Lieut.  Bradley  a  gold-mounted  ebony  cane.  On  this  occa- 
sion Mr.  Bradley  read  an  historical  sketch  of  early  militia 
days  in  this  century  which  was  of  great  value.  The  interest 
that  had  been  aroused  was  never  again  allowed  to  flag  by 
the  people  of  Waterbury.  During  the  following  winter 
the  company  was  assisted  in  procuring  uniforms  for  all  the 
men. 

The  next  annual  parade  was  June  6,  1860.  July  4  they 
went  to  Bridgeport  and  captured  the  town  with  their  fine 
appearance.  In  August,  the  officers  of  the  brigade  pe- 
titioned for  an  extra  day  for  the  brigade  encampment 
in  place  of  the  officers'  drill  as  the  parades  were  not  ade- 
quate to  perfect  the  requisite  discipline.  The  petition  was 
not  granted  and  camp  was  ordered  at  Brewster's  park,  New 
Haven,  for  September  27.  The  State,  by  law  of  1859,  paid 
for  one  day's  parade  but  the  regiment  volunteered  another 
day  to  get  more  discipline  and  to  quiet  grumblers  who  said 
they  served  for  pay. 

One  of  the  frolics  of  the  company  this  fall  was  the 
making  of  a  flying  visit  of  one  hour  and  a  half,  all  un- 
heralded, to  Birmingham.  Incentives  to  enlist  were  not 
so  great  at  that  time  but  that  every  special  attraction  was 
seized  upon.  At  the  target  shoot  that  year  the  first  prize 
was  won  by  Priv.  Henry  Wadhams  of  honored  memory. 

*  See  page  57. 


48  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


Washington's  birthday  in  1861  was  celebrated  with  just  as 
much  gusto  as  though  the  stern  reality  of  war  were  not 
right  upon  them;  "there  was  sound  of  revelry  by  night" 
in  Hotchkiss  hall,  J.  G.  Jones  doing  the  prompting. 

For  some  time  now  there  had  been  talk  of  changing  from 
infantry  to  artillery  and  just  before  the  call  for  troops  in 
1861,  infantry  Company  H  became  artillery  Company  B, 
making  two  artillery  and  seven  infantry  companies  in  the 
regiment. 


OF  WATEKBUBT.  49 


IX.    The  Rebellion. 


In  that  eventful  year  of  1861  Waterbury  gave,  out  of  a 
total  of  1609  votes,  a  majority  of  126  against  the  successful 
Republican  candidate  for  governor,  William  A.  Bucking- 
ham, and  for  representatives  John  P.  Elton  and  Israel 
Holmes,  Republicans,  were  defeated  by  Green  Kendrick 
and  N.  J.  Welton.  The  House  of  Representatives  stood, 
however,  2  to  i  in  favor  of  the  Republicans  and  the  Senate 
13  Republicans  to  8  Democrats.  But  Waterbury 's  vote  did 
not  mean  that  she  would  not  do  her  share  to  put  down  the 
Rebellion  as  the  900  brave  men  she  sent  out  attested. 

Monday  April  15  came  President  Lincoln's  call  for 
troops.  Immediately  Capt.  Chatfield  and  his  men  proffered 
their  services  and  were  ordered  to  rendezvous  at  New 
Haven  for  which  place  they  left  April  20  with  an  almost 
full  quota  and  what  vacancies  existed  were  soon  filled. 
Small  sign  now  of  the  disbandment  or  the  lack  of  energy 
which  had  sometimes  confronted  them  in  time  of  peace; 
the  appearance  of  danger  meant  new  life  and  increased 
rather  than  diminished  ranks.  Such  was  the  spirit  of  Com- 
pany B  and  not  once  did  it  flag  through  the  patience-try- 
ing period  that  followed.  Everyone  wanted  to  do  some- 
thing. The  assistant  rector  of  St.  John's  church,  the  Rev. 
J.  M.  Willey,  added  example  to  precept  and,  when  his  offer 
to  go  at  once  as  chaplain  was  not  accepted,  seized  his  first 
opportunity  and  obtained  a  like  appointment  in  the  Third 
C.  V. 

The  day  the  men  departed  was  made  a  holiday.  They 
were  addressed  from  the  band  stand  on  the  green  by 
Aner  Bradley,  now  become  mayor,  the  Rev.  (afterward 
Bishop)  Hendricken,  John  W.  Webster,  S.  W.  Kellogg,  L. 
W.  Coe,  C.  H.  Carter,  Dr.  P.  G.  Rockwell,  E.  B.  Cooke  and 
N.  J.  Buel  who,  in  behalf  of  the  clergy,  presented  pocket 
testaments  to  be  distributed  among  the  men,  one  for  each. 
The  Rev.  Mr.  Willey  offered  the  prayer  and  the  Rev.  Mr. 
4 


50  THE  MILITAKY  HISTOBY 


Magill  pronounced  the  benediction.  To  quote  the  local 
chronicler:  "All  speakers  were  listened  to  with  most  pro- 
found attention,  the  vast  audience  being  as  orderly  as 
though  in  a  church.  Tears  were  in  many  eyes  and  the 
very  air  seemed  to  be  impressed  with  the  solemnity  of  the 
scene."  Tompkins's  and  Merrill's  bands,  consolidated, 
headed  the  procession  to  the  station,  the  fire  companies 
escorting  the  soldiers.  "The  streets  were  jammed;  there 
must  have  been  over  2000  present."  A  subscription  of 
$1900  was  immediately  raised  at  a  meeting  called  to  devise 
means  for  caring  for  the  families  of  the  volunteers,  Mayor 
Bradley  presiding.  The  special  town  meeting  of  April  22 
appropriated  $10,000  toward  the  fund.  A  beautiful  Ameri- 
can flag  was  raised  over  the  old  Catholic  church,  300  Cath- 
olic pupils  under  the  direction  of  the  Misses  Slater  partici- 
pating in  the  ceremonies.  At  a  meeting  in  the  basement 
of  the  church  April  28,  T.  F.  Neville  chairman  and  J.  S. 
Gaffney  secretary,  50  volunteered  to  go.  Although  no 
company  was  then  organized  and  the  number  of  volunteers 
accepted  by  the  government  was  considered  sufficient, 
most  of  them  went  later  in  other  regiments.  At  this  time 
Waterbury  had  $100,000  of  government  securities  and  her 
banks  had  loaned  money  to  the  State.  Such  was  the 
patriotism  of  the  financiers  at  a  time  of  great  uncertainty 
in  the  minds  of  many.  The  population  of  the  city  was 
11,000. 

The  Waterbury  men  left  here  at  3  p.  m.,  April  20,  1861, 
were  assigned  to  the  First  regiment  and  went  into  camp  at 
Brewster's  park,  New  Haven,  as  Company  D  April  22.  Capt. 
Chatfield  was  at  once  made  major  of  the  regiment  and  Mar- 
cus Coon  became  captain.  Daniel  Tyler  of  Norwich  was 
colonel  and  George  S.  Burnham  of  Hartford  lieutenant 
colonel.  The  Hartford  Rifle  company  (Joseph  R.  Hawley, 
captain),  had  the  right  of  the  line,  the  Bridgeport  Rifles 
the  left. 

The  full  roster  of  Company  D  was  as  follows  : 
Capt.  Marcus  Coon  ;  First  Lieut.   S.  W.  Carpenter  ;  Sec- 
ond Lieut.  W.  E.  Morris. 


OP  WATEHBUHY. 


First  Sergt.  E.  P.  Hudson  ;  sergeants,  A.  J.  Ford,  Andrew 
McClintock,  Luman  Wadhams. 

Corporals,  Alfred  Carpenter,  H.  L.  Snagg,  Jay  P.  Wilcox, 
S.  L.  Williams. 

Musicians,  G.  A.  Boughton,  Frank  Hurlbut. 

Privates. 


W.  Baldwin, 

W.  F.  Gillette, 

Fergus  Mintie, 

G.  W.  Barnura, 

Mason  Gray, 

David  Mix, 

A.  J.  Barnard, 

R.  G.  Hazard, 

Philo  Mix, 

George  Beebe, 

J.  C.  Hazely, 

Elford  Nettleton, 

J.  A.  Blake, 

C.  N.  Herring, 

E.  H.  Norton, 

Alexander  Bloomfield, 

E.  J.  Hickox, 

John  O'Neill,  Jr., 

David  Blodgett, 

Arthur  Hitchcock, 

C.  W.  Parker, 

Frederick  Blodgett, 

A.  S.  Hotchkiss, 

D.  D.  Pattell, 

J.  H.  Breckenridge, 

Frank  Howard, 

A.  A.  Paul, 

Arthur  Byington, 

S.  W.  Hungerford, 

F.  C.  Peck, 

James  Callahan, 

George  Hunt, 

Birdsey  Pickett, 

William  Carey, 

S.  P.  Keeler, 

S.  H.  Platt, 

Eli  Carter, 

John  Kelley, 

Julius  Saxe, 

Edward  Carroll, 

John  Landigan, 

Thos.  Smedley, 

Henry  Castle, 

John  Lawson, 

J.  H.  Somers, 

Patrick  Claffee, 

Henry  Leonard, 

E.  C.  Sterling, 

Gustave  De  Bouge, 

J.  N.  Lewin, 

Eugene  Sugrue, 

Thomas  Duffy, 

Frank  Long, 

N.  W.  Tomlinson, 

Redfield  Duryee, 

F.  C.  Lord, 

C.  B.  Vaill, 

Sebastian  Echter, 

Augustus  Martinson, 

George  Van  Horn, 

Fra.ik  Edens, 

Archb'd  McCollum, 

Elijah  White. 

Cln-ist'r  Fick, 

David  Miller, 

H.  L.  Wilson. 

The  first  special  honor  which  the  company  attained  was 
the  being  chosen  to  receive  the  colors  presented  to  the  regi- 
ment by  Lieut.-Gov.  Julius  Catlin  of  Hartford.  One  man 
wrote  home  :  "  It  was  an  honor  to  the  regiment,  but  the 
heart  of  many  a  Waterbury  boy  beat  faster,  (yes,  and  for 
many  a  day  the  eyes  of  Waterbury  men,  and  women  too,  will 
glisten  when  they  think  of  it),  when  the  Waterbury  City 
guard  was  ordered  to  advance  to  receive  the  colors.  It  was 
a  proud  day — ranked  the  best  among  so  many  noble  ones." 
It  may  be  said  here  that  after  the  Waterbury  men  had  fol- 
lowed those  colors  nobly  through  the  Bull  Run  campaign> 


THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


being  among  the  few  who  left  that  disastrous  field  in  good 
order,  they  were  nearly  deprived  of  them  on  their  return 
to  New  Haven.  The  captain  of  a  Hartford  company  sought 
to  take  them  home  with  his  command,  but  a  determined 
band  of  Waterbury  men  broke  into  the  car  and  rescued 
them. 

Armed  with  Sharpe's  rifles  and  Springfield  muskets,  the 
regiment  left  New  Haven  for  Washington  May  9,  1861,  on 
the  Bienville.  Maj.  Chatfield,  who  had  received  his  first 
promotion  from  date  of  muster,  April  22,  1861,  was  pro- 
moted to  be  lieutenant  colonel  May  10,  and  then  to  be  colonel 
of  the  Third  May  31,  his  soldierly  qualities  obtaining  im- 
mediate recognition.  It  was  on  August  22  of  the  same  year 
that  he  was  made  colonel  of  the  Sixth. 

When  Col.  Tyler  reported  with  the  First,  Gen.  Scott  ex- 
claimed, "  Thank  God  !  one  regiment  has  come  fully  equip- 
ped for  service."  Other  men  from  Waterbury  were  found 
in  the  ranks  of  the  Second  and  Third  C.  V.  The  Hon. 
James  E.  English  of  New  Haven,  then  in  Congress,  did 
much  for  the  boys.  One  instance  of  his  thoughtfulness  is 
particularly  worthy  of  mention  here,  being  recalled  by  ex- 
Mayor  Bradley.  In  the  confusion  following  Bull  Run,  Col. 
Chatfield's  dress  uniform  went  astray  with  the  chest  in 
which  it  was  packed.  Word  was  at  once  telegraphed  to 
Mayor  Bradley  to  get  the  uniform  duplicated  at  Hibbard  & 
Snagg's  in  this  city.  But  next  day  the  order  was  counter- 
manded. Mr.  English  had  expressed  a  desire  to  make  good 
the  loss  and  a  few  days  later,  at  dress  parade,  presented  a 
new  dress  uniform  to  the  colonel. 

The  three  Connecticut  regiments  were  mustered  out  July 
31,  but  under  the  call  of  August  15  for  three  years'  men 
nearly  all  re-enlisted  in  New  Haven.  Capt.  Coon  assisted 
in  recruiting  Combany  B,  First  squadron,  Connecticut  cav- 
alry, afterwards  attached  to  the  Second  New  York  or  Har- 
ris Light  cavalry,  of  which  Coon  became  captain.  The 
chaplain  of  the  regiment  was  Dr.  Benjamin  W.  Stone,  for- 
merly of  this  city. 


OF  WATERBURY.  53 


In  186!  the  aggregate  of  infantry  in  the  militia  was  485, 
cavalry  134  and  the  total  enrollment  was  54,968  The  Leg- 
islature repealing  the  act  governing  the  militia,  all  exist- 
ing companies  were  disbanded  August  i,  just  when  they 
were  most  needed.  After  providing  for  the  enrollment  of 
the  inactive  militia,  it  was  voted  to  organize  not  more  than 
40  nor  less  than  64  companies  as  alarm  companies  to  be  ap- 
portioned to  the  several  counties  according  to  population. 
From  the  inactives  enough  should  be  drafted  to  fill  up  the 
ranks.  The  result  was  a  total  of  only  13  companies,  385 
men,  three  of  the  companies  from  this  county.  Drafting 
was  tried  in  vain.  The  mistake  in  disbanding  the  original 
companies  was  apparent  to  all. 

But  the  military  ardor  in  Waterbury  did  not  cool  to  any 
appreciable  extent.  Soon  after  the  departure  of  the  City 
guard,  the  Phoenix  guard  was  formed,  in  May,  in  Military 
hall,  S.  W.  Kellogg  captain,  H.  N.  Place  and  E.  J.  Rice  lieu- 
tenants, to  become  Company  D  of  the  Fifth,  mustered 
July  23,  1 86 1,  for  three  years.  D.  B.  Hamilton  took  Lieut. 
Place's  position  and  Capt.  Kellogg  remained  to  assist  in  or- 
ganizing the  Union  guard  as  a  successor  to  the  City  guard 
for  a  home  company.  C.  E.  L.  Holmes  was  made  captain 
and  S.  W.  Kellogg  and  G.  B.  Thomas  lieutenants.  The  first 
of  October,  this  command  became  Company  A,  Second 
Connecticut  militia  under  the  State  law. 

In  June  of  that  year  James  E.  Coer  organized  into  the 
Waterbury  Zouaves  youths  between  17  and  20  years  of  age. 
Mr.  Coer  was  captain  and  A.  B.  Crook  and  G.  A.  Stocking 
lieutenants.  After  showing  their  skill  and  determination 
in  a  voluntary  camp  in  Oakville  for  three  days,  they  were 
allowed  to  carry  guns.  So  rapid  was  their  advancement 
that  in  the  following  January  they  became  light  infantry 
Company  D,  James  F.  Simpson,  captain,  James  E.  Birrell 
and  Charles  D.  Hurlburt  lieutenants.  George  Allen  orderly 
sergeant. 

Again  and  again  it  was  necessary  to  fill  up  in  the  ranks 
of  both  these  companies  the  vacancies  caused  by  the  large 
number  of  enlistments,  particularly  into  the  Sixth  and 


54  THE   MILITARY  HISTORY 


Fourteenth.  In  the  summer  of  1862,  the  Union  guard  was 
among  the  first  to  respond  under  the  call  for  600,000  men 
and  left  September  3  as  nine  months'  men,  Company  A,  of 
the  Twenty-third,  mustered  in  November  14.  Immedi- 
ately Capt.  Holmes  was  made  colonel  and  was  succeeded 
by  Lieut.  Thomas  and  he  by  Alfred  Wells.  Lieut.  Wells 
became  captain  November  14,  John  A.  Woodwaid  of 
Watertown  first  lieutenant  and  George  W.  Tucker  second. 
Private  James  H.  Whiting  was  destined  to  become  adju- 
tant the  next  spring.  The  Zouaves  left  five  days  later  to 
become  Company  H  of  the  same  regiment,  A.  Dwight 
Hopkins  of  Naugatuck  leaving  here  as  captain,  Birrell  and 
Hurlburt  as  lieutenants.  Capt.  Simpson  had  gone  as  sec- 
ond lieutenant  in  Company  C,  Fourteenth,  of  which  S.  W. 
Carpenter  of  Waterbury  was  captain  and  F.  J.  Seymour 
first  lieutenant. 

A  beautiful  and  unique  silk  flag  was  presented  to  the 
Twenty-Third  by  Samuel  Holmes,  cousin  of  Col.  Holmes 
and  formerly  of  Waterbury.  On  it  were  several  designs 
aside  from  the  regulation  coat-of-arms — representing 
Judges'  Cave,  Charter  Oak  and  the  like. 

Meanwhile  Martin  B.  Smith  had  recruited  Company  E 
of  the  Eighth,  which  left  here  August  30,  1861,  as  the  third 
regular  volunteer  company  from  this  city.  H.  N.  Place 
was  first  lieutenant  under  Capt.  Smith  and  Luman  Wad- 
hams  second.  C.  S.  Abbott  was  also  very  efficient  in  pro- 
curing recruits,  his  command  being  Company  H  of  the 
Twentieth,  mustered  in  September  i,  1862;  he  was  obliged 
to  resign  on  account  of  ill  health  in  November.  Numer- 
ous were  the  presents  which  the  citizens  made  to  the 
officers  and  hearty  was  the  encouragement  for  every  man 
who  donned  the  blue. 

The  number  of  enlistments  is  all  the  more  remarkable 
when  it  is  remembered  that  the  total  militia  enrollment  of 
the  town  in  1861  was  only  982,  and  in  1862  only  1173, 
including  those  with  surgeon's  exemption  certificates. 
August  25,  1862,  the  town  meeting  voted  a  bounty  of  $100 
to  each  recruit  in  the  old  regiments  and  an  additional  $50 


OF  WATERBDRY.  55 


to  cover  the  limitation  of  the  State  bounty  of  $50  which 
expired  that  day,  making  a  total  of  $150  for  each  volun- 
teer; also  $100  for  each  nine-months'  volunteer  and  $6  per 
month  to  dependent  relatives.  Waterbury's  quota  under 
the  call  for  600,000  men — half  for  three  years  and  half  for 
nine  months — was  207.  No  draft  was  necessary.  Connecti- 
cut was  the  first  State  to  respond  and  Waterbury  about  the 
first  town  in  the  State.  As  an  illustration  of  the  zeal  and 
patriotism  with  which  skilled  artisans  as  well  as  men  in  all 
other  walks  of  life  left  their  business  to  save  their  country, 
nearly  one-third  of  the  employes  of  the  Waterbury  Clock 
company  were  to  be  found  in  the  ranks  in  the  summer  of 
1862. 

And  it  is  not  out  of  place  to  recall  here  also  that  Water- 
bury  lent  its  wisdom  to  the  councils  of  the  State  as  well  as 
its  bone  and  sinew  to  the  war.  The  Hon.  Lyman  W.  Coe 
represented  the  district  in  the  Senate  and  was  chairman  of 
the  legislative  committee  to  visit  the  field  of  Antietam  and 
investigate  the  condition  of  the  soldiers.  Nor  was  the 
city's  mechanical  skill  and  ingenuity  to  prove  unequal  to 
the  great  demands  made  upon  them  by  the  nation.  Aside 
from  the  tons  of  machinery  that  were  turned  out  and  the 
hundred  and  one  useful  articles  that  were  made  up  here, 
Waterbury  furnished  two-thirds  of  the  brass  ornaments 
worn  by  the  soldiers,  an  average  of  one  pound  to  each  man 
in  the  army. 

In  July  1863,  at  the  time  of  the  New  York  draft  riots  and 
when  all  the  northern  states  were  very  uneasy  as  to  the 
issue,  Gov.  Buckingham  called  for  volunteers  for  three 
months'  service  in  the  State.  Waterbury's  "  alarm  "  and 
"  home  guard  "  companies  had  gone  to  the  front  one  after 
the  other,  swelling  the  number  already  there  until  the 
quota  of  the  town  had  been  exceeded  by  108.  It  was  then 
that  S.  W.  Kellogg,  a  prosperous  lawyer,  at  the  request  of 
John  P.  Elton  and  others,  raised  a  company  of  100  men  in 
24  hours  and  sent  to  Torrington  for  Lieut.  Col.  S.  H.  Per- 
kins of  the  Fourteenth,  then  at  home  recovering  from  a 
wound  received  at  Fredericksburg,  to  take  command  of 


56  THE   MILITARY  HISTORY 


the  company.  Mr.  Kellogg  and  C.  S.  Abbott  were  the 
lieutenants.  The  company,  designated  Company  C  of  the 
Second  battalion,  was  tinder  the  direct  orders  of  the  gov- 
ernor. It  drilled  two  hours  every  afternoon  besides  main- 
taining a  guard  at  the  armory  night  and  day.  The  dire 
threats  that  had  been  made  to  the  effect  that  certain  resi- 
dences should  be  destroyed  and  that  no  men  should  ever 
be  drafted  were  soon  silenced.  Also,  to  quiet  the  turbulent 
feeling,  the  town  voted  to  pay  $300  to  each  drafted  person, 
the  money  to  be  paid  to  the  government  and  not  to  the 
men,  and  the  treasurer  was  authorized  to  borrow  $30,000 
on  the  credit  of  the  town. 

From  time  to  time  the  bodies  of  brave  men  had  been 
brought  home  for  burial  and  the  citizens  had  indicated 
their  tenderest  sympathy  for  the  bereaved  families.  But 
the  whole  town  as  one  family  was  deeply  affected  when 
the  gallant  Col.  Chatfield  of  the  Sixth  was  brought  home 
mortally  wounded  July  31,  1863.  Struck  by  a  canister- 
shot  in  the  right  thigh  at  the  battle  of  Pocotalico  in  1862, 
he  had  recovered  sufficiently  to  rejoin  his  command  in  the 
following  April.  It  was  by  his  own  request  that  he  joined 
in  the  operations  before  Charleston.  At  the  battle  of  Mor- 
ris Island,  he  had  reluctantly  allowed  the  Fifty-fourth 
Massachusetts  to  have  the  right  of  the  line  in  the  advance 
on  Fort  Wagner,  in  the  twilight  of  July  18.  Under  the 
concentrated  fire  of  Forts  Wagner  and  Sumter  and  the 
batteries  of  James  Island,  the  Massachusetts  regiment, 
obliquing,  left  the  Sixth  uncovered.  Steadily,  rapidly 
they  advanced,  over  the  enemy's  outer  works,  never  heed- 
ing the  terrible  storm  of  shrapnel,  canister,  grape,  hand 
grenades  and  bullets,  through  the  moat,  over  the  parapet, 
down  to  the  casemates  and  bomb  proofs,  carrying  dismay 
into  the  breasts  of  the  enemy.  The  fire  slackened,  the  cry 
went  up  that  the  fort  had  surrendered.  But  the  remnant 
of  the  brave  Sixth  was  standing  alone.  Col.  Chatfield  was 
lying  on  the  parapet  with  his  leg  shattered  below  the 
knee.  Jackson's  brigade  which  had  been  depended  upon 
to  come  to  the  support  with  fixed  bayonets  had  stopped  to 


OF  WATERBtTRY.  57 

return  the  fire  and  their  opportunity  was  lost.  Perceiving 
the  situation,  the  rebels  charged  three  times  upon  the 
undaunted  Connecticut  men  as  though  to  annihilate  them. 
The  color  bearer,  Sergt.  Gustave  de  Bouge  of  Waterbury, 
had  fallen  shot  through  the  head  in  the  assault,  and  before 
the  colors  could  be  taken  from  beneath  his  dead  body, 
eight  other  men  had  fallen  upon  them,  dead  or  wounded. 
Then  Capt.  F.  B.  Osborn  reaching  the  spot,  attempted  to 
pull  the  flag  from  the  heap  of  slain.  In  so  doing  the  ban- 
ner was  torn  through  the  center  and  only  the  part  attached 
to  the  staff  was  brought  home,  to  be  placed  eventually 
with  the  others  in  the  capitol  at  Hartford.  Among  those 
who  helped  keep  the  colors  aloft  was  Col.  Chatfield  him- 
self who  is  remembered  by  his  men  to-day  as  the  very 
incarnation  of  war  in  that  terrible  hour.  After  he  had 
fallen  he  still  encouraged  the  men  to  stand  their  ground 
in  hope  of  support.  And  most  nobly  did  they  obey,  for 
three  long  hours,  retiring  one  by  one  only  after  all  hope 
had  vanished  and  they  were  but  a  handful.  Col.  Chatfield, 
fearing  that  he  would  be  captured,  attempted  to  drag  him- 
self from  the  fort,  when  a  shot  struck  his  right  hand  in 
which  he  had  grimly  held  his  sword  till  that  moment.  It 
was  the  sword  which  was  presented  to  him  by  old  Com- 
pany H  in  1859.  Before  he  could  recover  he  was  carried 
from  the  fort  by  Private  Andrew  Grogan  of  Bridgeport, 
afterwards  lieutenant;  he  saved  only  the  scabbard  and  belt 
which  are  now  in  the  possession  of  his  family.  When,  on 
his  way  to  Beaufort  for  transportation  home,  he  asked 
after  the  colors  of  the  regiment  and  was  told  that  the  rem- 
nant of  them  was  saved,  he  exclaimed:  "Thank  God  for 
that!  I  am  so  glad  they  are  safe  !  Keep  them,  keep  them, 
as  long  as  there  is  a  thread  left." 

Physicians,  relatives  and  friends  did  all  in  their  power 
for  him,  but  it  could  not  avail.  The  brave  spirit  passed 
away,  on  the  evening  of  Sunday,  August  9. 

He  was  buried  in  Riverside  the  following  Thursday, 
with  military  and  Masonic  honors.  John  P.  Elton  was 
chairman  of  the  committee  of  arrangements.  All  business 


58  THE   MILITARY   HISTOHY 


was  suspended,  flags  were  at  half  mast  and  military  dele- 
gations from  all  parts  of  the  vState  were  present.  S.  W. 
Kellogg  commanded  the  escort.  The  New  Haven  Grays 
were  under  the  command  of  Samuel  E.  Merwin,  Jr. 
Among  those  of  the  army  who  came  to  pay  tribute  to 
the  memory  of  the  hero  was  Gen.  Robert  Anderson,  the 
defender  of  Fort  Sumter,  and  among  the  civilians  was 
Gov.  Buckingham.  The  pall  bearers  were  Free  Masons. 
The  services  were  held  at  2  p.  m.,  at  St.  John's  Episco- 
pal church,  of  which  he  was  a  member.  They  were  con- 
ducted by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Clark  and  his  assistant,  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Smith.  Chaplain  C.  T.  Woodruff  of  the  Sixth  deliv- 
ered the  funeral  address  after  which  the  cortege  pro- 
ceeded to  the  cemetery  amid  the  tolling  of  bells  and  the 
booming  of  minute  guns.  At  the  grave  the  burial  service 
was  read  by  Chaplain  Willey  of  the  Third  C.  V. 

During  his  comparatively  brief  service,  Col.  Chatfield  had 
frequently  commanded  a  brigade.  A  distinguished  West 
Point  officer  said  of  him  :  "  Worth  in  his  palmy  days  could 
not  handle  a  regiment  better."  Chaplain  John  M.  Morris, 
the  historian,  wrote  :  "  Connecticut  sent  forth  no  more  ac- 
complished or  gallant  soldier  than  he;  he  must  have  won 
high  distinction.  A  modest,  fearless,  pure  hearted,  devoted 
man — his  record  is  that  a  knight  might  envy.  His  deeds 
and  noble  sacrifices  will  live  on  sun-lit  pages  and  in  warm 
hearts  when  new  generations  shall  read  the  imperishable 
record  of  the  Rebellion  and  bless  those  whose  heroism 
saved  the  nation  and  freedom  from  destruction." 

The  idol  of  Waterbury's  soldiery,  it  was  fitting  that  his 
name  should  be  given  to  the  military  company  which  was 
in  reality  a  continuance  at  home  of  the  company  he  had 
led  to  the  field.  A  splendid  bronze  statue,  erected  by  the 
members  of  his  regiment  and  by  his  friends,  now  marks 
his  resting  place  at  Riverside. 

With  another  summer  came  the  death  of  three  Wadhams 
brothers,  originally  from  Litchfield,  whose  name  is  pre- 
served by  Wadhams  Post  No.  49,  Department  of  Connecti- 
cut, G.  A.  R.  Sergt.  Edward  Wadhams  of  Company  E, 


OF   WATEUBUKY. 


Eighth  C.  V.,  aged  29,  was  killed  at  Drury's  Bluff  May  16, 
1864.  First  Lieut.  Henry  W.  Wadhams  of  Company  K, 
Fourteenth,  aged  33,  was  killed  at  North  Anna  May  26, 
1864.  Capt.  Luman  Wadhams  of  Company  A,  Nineteenth 
(Second  Heavy  Artillery),  aged  31,  was  wounded  at  Cold 
Harbor  June  i  and  died  June  3.  All  three  enlisted  from 
Waterbury. 

The  home-coming  of  the  Twenty-third  in  1863  was  made 
a  great  event.  Companies  A  and  H  reached  here  Tuesday 
noon,  August  25  and  were  escorted  to  Hotchkiss  hall,  cor- 
ner of  North  and  East  Main  streets,  Gen.  D.  B.  Hurd  act- 
ing as  marshal  assisted  by  C.  N.  Wayland,  Capt.  E.  J.  Rice, 
Guernsey  S.  Parsons  and  Walter  Bowns.  The  scene  of  the 
ovation  was  one  long  to  be  remembered.  Mayor  Davies 
and  others  expressed  for  the  citizens  the  debt  of  gratitude 
the  town  owed  to  these  men.  Col.  Holmes  had  been 
compelled  by  ill  health  to  return  at  an  earlier  date. 

This  year  witnessed  a  revival  in  the  spirit  of  the  state 
militia.  In  1862  with  Maj.  Gen.  William  H.  Russell  of  New 
Haven  in  command  of  two  brigades,  1,017  men,  the  Legis- 
lature had  adopted  the  pay  system.  S.  W.  Kellogg,  whose 
zeal  gave  him  the  position  of  major  of  the  Second  militia 
regiment  April  8,  1863,  was  made  colonel  vice  C.  T.  Candee 
Sept.  22,  1863.  Capt.  Samuel  E.  Merwin,  Jr.,  of  New  Ha- 
ven, was  promoted  to  the  lieutenant  colonelcy  and  Capt.  G. 
A.  Basserman  also  of  New  Haven,  to  the  majority.  G.  W. 
Tucker  was  paymaster,  P.  G.  Rockwell  surgeon,  J.  Eaton 
Smith  chaplain  and  W.  W.  Hart  of  Madison  quartermaster. 
Col.  Kellogg  made  Stephen  R.  Smith  of  New  Haven  his 
adjutant.  Col.  Guyer  was  the  senior  officer  of  the  Second 
brigade.  Horace  J.  Morse  was  adjutant  general. 

A  new  artillery  company  was  formed  in  Military  hall 
September  26,  with  Chandler  N.  Wayland  secretary  and  a 
membership  of  over  60.  E.  J.  Rice  was  elected  captain. 
October  5,  the  members  of  Company  A,*  Second  regiment, 

*  As  a  militia  organization,  this  company,  most  of  the  members  of 
which  went  with  Company  A,  Twenty-Third  C.  V.,  was  not  disbanded 
till  November  3,  1863. 


60 


THE   MILITAKY   HISTORY 


voted  to  consolidate  with  the  new  company,  which  took  the 
name  of  artillery  Company  A,  Second  C.  S.  M.,  or  the  Chat- 
field  guard.  At  about  the  same  time,  Company  C,  Second 
battalion,  Capt.  Perkins,  was  mustered  out  of  the  state  ser- 
vice and  many  joined  the  new  company.  The  other  officers 
of  the  new  company  were:  F.  L.Mintie,  first  lieutenant  and  C. 
F.  Church  second  lieutenant;  sergeants,  G.  W.  Tucker,  M.  L. 
Scudder  Jr.,  C.  R.  Welton,  L.  S.  Davis,  C.  N.  Way-land ;, 
corporals,  H.  M.  Stocking,  F.  B.  Rice,  E.  W.  Robbins,  A.  J.' 
Buckland,  Carlos  Smith,  E.  T.  Smith,  C.  P.  Lindley,  C.  B. 
Vaill;  secretary,  Oilman  C.  Hill;  treasurer,C.  N.  Wayland; 
executive  committee,  E.  J.  Rice,  O.  H.  Stevens,  J.  E.  Smith, 
A.  S.  Chase,  A.  I.  Goodrich;  court  martial,  C.  F.  Church,  G. 
W.  Tucker,  M.  L.  Scudder,  H.  F.  Bassett,  W.  P.  Thomas,  E. 

L.  Bronson. 

Privates. 


C.  S.  Abbott, 
S.  J.  Allen, 

F.  L.  Allen, 
John  Adt, 

H.  F.  Bassett, 
Truman  H.  Bartlett, 
Walter  Bound, 
William  Burnes, 
Aiier  Bradley,  Jr., 

G.  H.  Benedict, 
Alpheus  A.  Bradley, 
Alfred  Bluet. 

E.  L.  Bronson, 
Mathew  Budge, 
Alexander  Buchanan, 
Andrew  J.  Barnes, 
Henry  T.  Bronsou, 
George  Barnes, 
J.  S.  Bancroft, 
JoUn  W.  Burritt. 
Jonathan  R.  Baldwin, 
John  J.  Blackman, 
George  E.  Bissell. 
Wm.  D .  Cummings, 
Calvin  H.  Carter, 
Irving  H.  Coe, 


Elam  W.  Church, 
Augustus  S.  Chase, 
Wm.  A.  Cargill, 
Thomas  Coulter, 
Samuel  H.  Cowles, 
Edward  Croft, 
Walter  H.  Cook, 
John  J.  Davis, 
Jesse  J.  Ford, 
John  E.  Durand, 
Richard  W.  Davis, 
Charles  A.  Darrow, 
William  H.  Davis, 
A.  Fayette  Fisk, 
William  M.  Ford, 
Edward  A.  Fox. 
Louis  D.  Griggs, 
Henry  C.  Griggs, 
A.  I.  Goodrich, 
E.  H.  Gaylord, 
Marcus  Goudkop, 
W.  O.  Guilford. 
Amos  M.  Geer, 
James  M.  Holmes, 
Edward  J.  Hayden, 
Fred'kB.  Hoadley, 


John  W.  Hill. 

Oilman  C.  Hill, 

Edwin  B.  Harper, 

Addisou  W.  Hagard, 

Henry  W.  Keeler, 

Charles  Karrmann, 

A.  N.  Lewis, 

John  D.  Lyman, 

Reuben  S.  Morse, 

David  H.  Meloy, 

L.  I.  Munson, 

Andrew  J.    McClintock, 

Alexander  McNeill, 

Henry  Overing, 

Nelson  Parsons, 

Edwin  Putnam, 

H.  L.  B.  Pond, 

E.  B.  Platt, 

D  wight  F.  Peck, 

A.  Preiss, 

Frank  M.  Rose, 

William  Renison, 

Joseph  Srahan. 

Mark  L.  Sperry, 

O.  H.  Stevens, 

Peter  F.  Snagg, 


OP  WATERBURY. 


01 


Privates— continued. 


John  E.  Smith, 
William  H.  Shepard, 
Adam  Seibert, 
John  Stone, 
James  Spruce,  Jr., 
A.  Skates, 
Lucius  Stevens, 
TeuEyck  D.  Snyder, 
Thos.  H.  Shurrocks, 

Henry  T.  Sanford, 
Andrew  Storz, 
George  L.  Townsend, 
William  P.  Thomas, 
Henry  A.  Todd, 
Charles  N.  Upson, 
Asaph  H.  Upson, 
Allen  B.  Wilson, 
Henry  B.  Wiiichell, 

C.  B.  Webster, 
E.  D.  Welton, 
D.  S.  Weldman, 
Alfred  Wells, 
Frank  Washburn, 
Thomas  Willis, 
Martin  B.  Wedge, 
Stephen  B.  Wedge, 
James  H.  Whiting. 

This  list  of  well  known  names  in  itself  indicates  the 
high  character  of  the  men  who  were  interested.  The 
citizens  had  raised  a  fund  of  $2,500  with  which  to  pro- 
vide uniforms  for  the  company.  John  P.  Elton  was  custo- 
dian of  the  fund  and  an  enthusiastic  worker  in  the  cause. 
It  seems,  however,  that  no  provision  had  been  made  for  the 
purchasing  of  "  hats  "  with  this  fund  and  in  the  end  the 
company  were  obliged  to  supply  themselves  at  $30  a  dozen. 
The  uniform  adopted  consisted  of  light  blue  trousers  and 
army  blue  coats. 

But  before  the  uniform  fund  had  become  available — 
which  was  not  till  the  early  part  of  the  following  year — Com- 
pany A  had  seen  its  first  camp,  Camp  Lyon,  Bridgeport,  in 
October.  Only  the  Second  and  Eighth  regiments  were  there. 
Company  A  with  Company  B  formed  the  First  Connecticut 
Flying  battery,  a  duplicate  of  the  Second  Connecticut  bat- 
tery, then  in  the  field. 

The  names  of  those  of  the  company  who  went  to  the 
front  were  borne  on  the  rolls  as  those  of  honorary  mem- 
bers. 

The  city's  quota  under  the  call  of  1863  for  300,000  more 
was  132.  For  each  new  man  the  bounty  amounted  to  $692 
in  addition  to  his  pay,  and  to  $792  for  each  veteran.  D.  S. 
Morris  was  recruiting  agent  at  large,  Lieut.  E.  M.  Neville 
recruiting  officer  for  the  First  Connecticut  cavalry  and  Corp. 
D.  B.  Wooster  for  the  Second  Heavies,  formerly  the  Nine- 
teenth C.  V.  The  quota  was  full  before  February  i,  i864,at  an 
expense  to  the  town  of  about  $3,000,  so  that  when  the  call 


62  THE  MILITAKY  HISTORY 


came  for  200,000  more,Waterbury  was  not  included  in  it.  The 
Sixth  returned  January  21,  1864  and  many  re-enlisted.  The 
draft  of  July  called  for  239  men.  The  town  promptly  voted 
$500  for  substitutes,  $300  for  drafted  men  or  substitutes  and 
$100  for  volunteers,  in  addition  to  the  state  bounty  of  $300. 
To  meet  this  it  was  necessary  to  borrow  $100,000.  The 
quota  for  the  call  late  in  this  year  was  120,  which  was  also 
filled. 

All  this  was  done  while  the  political  fever  was  at  its  height. 
It  was  presidential  election  year  and  many  were  the  attacks 
being  made  upon  President  Lincoln,  candidate  for  re-elec- 
tion. In  1862,  Waterbury  had  given  786  votes  for  Bucking- 
ham for  governor  to  754  for  James  C.  Loomis,  the  Demo- 
cratic candidate.  In  April,  1864,  it  gave  Buckingham,the  suc- 
cessful candidate,  728  and  O.  S.  Seymour,  Democrat,  809. 
Green  Kendrick,  Democrat,  was  elected  senator  from  this 
district  by  260  and  two  Democrats  from  Waterbury,  Elisha 
Leavenworth  and  Henry  A.  Matthews,  had  seats  in  the 
House.  In  November  Lincoln  received  792  votes  for  presi- 
dent, McClellan  987.  In  1860  Lincoln's  vote  had  been  822, 
Douglass's  431,  Breckinridge's  102  and  Bell's  82.  In  1864  a 
guard  from  Company  A  was  maintained  at  the  armory 
from  the  Saturday  night  preceding  till  the  day  after  the 
election.  But  there  was  to  be  little  use  for  it  in  a  commu- 
nity which  had  given  so  freely  of  its  men  and  money. 

The  militia  law  was  altered  again  this  year,  granting  $5 
each  towards  the  uniforms  for  the  men  and  allowing  four 
days'  encampment.  Nevertheless,  the  roll  showed  but  1485 
active  members,  not  all  the  towns  having  followed  Water- 
bury's  example.  It  was  eminently  fitting  that  the  encamp- 
ment of  the  Second  regiment,  Col.  Kellogg  commanding, 
should  be  held  here  that  year.  The  time  was  from  Sep- 
tember 13  to  September  16  and  the  place  the  West  End 
meadows,  near  West  Main  street,  on  the  banks  of  the  Naug- 
atuck.  It  was  called  Camp  Chatfield.  The  regiment  num- 
bered 420  officers  and  men.  H.  Lynde  Harrison  was  pay- 
master, George  E.  Terry  sergeant  major  and  Calvin  H. 
Carter  commissary  sergeant.  Tompkins's  band  now  march- 


OP   WATER15UKY. 


ed  at  the  head  of  the  regiment.  Among  the  interested 
visitors  at  the  camp  were  Capt.  Alfred  Wells  and  Lieut.  John 
A.  Woodward  of  Company  A,  Twenty-third,  who  had  just 
returned  from  captivity.  Col.  Kellogg  while  trying  a  horse 
for  one  of  Gen.  Russell's  staff  met  with  an  accident  about 
an  hour  before  going  into  camp.  The  horse  fell  upon  him, 
lacerating  the  colonel's  right  leg  from  the  knee  to  the  ankle. 
He  was  taken  to  Surgeon  Rockwell's  office  near  the  Scovill 
house  where  his  wounds  were  dressed,  but  he  was  in  the 
saddle  again  and  met  the  arriving  companies  at  the  sta- 
tion, after  which  he  did  his  work  in  camp  during  the  four 
days,  but  he  did  not  get  out  of  his  house  again  for  a  week 
after  it. 

The  work  of  the  women  and  of  individual  citizens  in 
behalf  of  the  Sanitary  commission  through  all  these  troub- 
lous years  is  deserving  of  an  article  by  itself.  Mrs.  F.  J. 
Kingsbury  was  secretary  of  the  first  society.  In  1865  the 
citizens  gave  $1,000,  collected  by  F.  B.  Merriman,  to  F.  J. 
Kingsbury,  the  local  treasurer  of  the  commission,  as  a 
New  Year's  present.  A  society  of  ladies,  of  which  Miss 
Jennie  Warrilon  was  president,  met  regularly  at  the  Y.  M. 
C.  A.  rooms.  In  March  of  that  year  a  fair  in  Hotchkiss 
hall  netted  $1,000  for  the  Soldiers'  home  in  Hartford. 

In  April  1865,  the  town  gave  Buckingham  for  governor  a 
majority  of  32  over  Seymour,  Democrat,  and  elected  F.  J. 
Kingsbury  and  A.  S.  Chase,  Union,  for  representatives. 

Monday  April  10,  manager  C.  H%  Stancliff  took  from  the 
wires  of  the  Western  Union  the  message  that  Lee  had  sur- 
rendered to  Grant  and  the  American  soon  had  out  an  extra 
giving  all  the  particulars  obtainable.  An  impromptu  pro- 
cession was  formed,  speeches  were  made  and  A.  B.  Wilson, 
the  sewing  machine  inventor,  fired  a  national  salute  from 
a  piece  of  ordnance  in  his  possession.  But  the  Easter  Sun- 
day following  was  turned  into  a  day  of  deep  mourning  by 
the  news  of  the  assassination  of  Lincoln. 

At  this  time  Burr  Atwood  of  Nonnewaug,  Woodbury, 
raised  a  white  flag  with  the  words,  "The  Devil's  Dead." 
When  the  news  reached  here,  April  19,  a  party  of  veterans, 


64  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


militiamen  and  others,  paid  Mr.  Atwood  a  visit.  He  denied 
having  the  flag  but  the  sight  of  a  rope  so  refreshed  his 
memory  that  the  flag  was  brought  forth  and  came  to  Water- 
bury  as  a  trophy.  Mr.  Atwood,  his  son  and  his  two  daughters 
were  made  to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance  and  then  to 
unfurl  the  American  flag  over  their  domains.  A  week 
later,  75  Woodbury  people  called  on  Chauncey  Atwood  of 
Nonnewaug,  also  accused  of  disloyal  sentiments,  and  he 
likewise  promised  to  float  the  stars  and  stripes  thenceforth. 
After  patriotic  speech-making,  the  party  visited  Burr  At- 
wood, where  they  found  the  country's  emblem  loyally 
waving. 

The  body  of  Lieut.  Col.  John  Kellogg,  U.  S.  A.,  late  com- 
missary on  Gen.  Sheridan's  staff,  arrived  here  Saturday 
evening,  April  29,  on  its  way  to  Greenfield,  Mass.,  in 
charge  of  his  brother,  Col.  S.  W.  Kellogg.  He  died  at  City 
Point,  April  26.  After  Company  A  had  escorted  the  remains 
from  the  station,  they  were  placed  in  Military  hall  where 
they  lay  in  state  over  Sunday. 

The  mayors  of  the  city  during  those  troublous  years  were 
Aner  Bradley  Jr.,  always  ready  for  good  work,  1861-2-3;  L. 
S.  Davies,  1864-5  an(^  Jonn  Kendrick  1865-6. 

As  nearly  as  can  be  learned  from  the  existing  records  in 
this  State  and  in  Washington,  the  enlistments  from  Water- 
bury  into  the  Service  were  as  follows:  First  C.  V.  79; 
Second  C.  V.  i;  Third  C.  V.  7;  First  Squadron  cavalry, 
afterwards  Second  New  York  cavalry  8;  First  Connecti- 
cut cavalry  55;  First  Light  battery  2;  Second  Light 
battery  2;  Third  Light  battery  5;  First  Heavy  artil- 
lery 60;  Second  Heavy  artillery  38;  Fifth  C.  V.  38;  Sixth 
75;  Seventh  22;  Eighth  37;  Ninth  65;  Ninth  battalion  n; 
Tenth  C.  V.  8;  Eleventh  15;  Twelfth  12;  Thirteenth  13; 
Thirteenth  battalion  7;  Fourteenth  C.  V.  157;  Fifteenth 
34;  Eighteenth  i;  Twentieth  66;  Twenty-third  71;  Twenty- 
seventh  2;  Twenty-ninth  5;  Thirtieth  (Thirty-first  U.  S. 
Colored  infantry)  2;  Fourteenth  U.  S.  infantry  7;  band 
Harland's  brigade,  i;  Navy,  30;  outside  the  State,  6. 


OF  WATERBUKY.  65 


The  grand  total  is  942.  Of  course  this  number  includes 
the  men  who  re-enlisted. ' 

The  names  and  ranks  of  the  commissioned  officers  who 
went  from  this  city  and  the  men  who  won  commissions  in 
the  field  are  given  at  the  end  of  this  book. 


TIIE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


X.    In  The  Connecticut  National  Guard. 


A  new  section  of  light  artillery  was  organized  in  June 
1865  from  former  members  of  Company  A  with  some  new 
men.  A.  B.  Wilson  was  first  lieutenant  commanding  and 
H.  L.  B.  Pond  second.  It  was  known  as  second  section 
Battery  C,  Connecticut  State  Militia,  and  numbered  30  men, 
six  cannons  and  20  horses.  The  company  was  not  of  long 
duration,  attending  but  one  encampment  and  disbanding 
soon  after. 

Thanks  to  the  neglect  and  carelessness  of  the  State  the 
word  militia  was  still  in  bad  odor  although  the  men  who 
had  composed  it  had  made  themselves  immortal  on  the 
field  of  battle.  The  material  was  there;  how  to  utilize  it, 
how  to  overcome  the  effect  of  past  mistakes  was  the  ques- 
tion. Listening  to  the  advice  of  Col.  Kellogg  the  Legis- 
lature, by  act  of  July  9,  1865,  re-christened  the  militia  the 
Connecticut  National  Guard.  Other  states  all  over  the 
country  have  since  followed  this  example.  The  law  was 
drafted  by  Col.  Kellogg  and  approved  by  Gen.  Russell 
and  his  chief  of  staff,  Francis  Wayland,  now  the  head  of 
the  Yale  law  school.  By  it  the  eight  regiments  were  made 
into  two  brigades — the  First,  Third,  Fifth  and  Seventh 
regiments  constituting  the  First  brigade,  the  Second, 
Sixth  and  Eighth  with  the  light  artillery  the  Second.  The 
total  number  of  officers  and  men  was  4,141.  The  law 
also  repealed  the  officers'  annual  drill,  ordered  a  six 
days'  encampment  by  regiment  or  brigade  and  provided 
that  uniforms  should  be  furnished  by  the  State.  The  Sec- 
ond regiment  was  promptly  recruited  to  ten  full  companies 
which  number  it  has  had  the  unique  distinction  of  main- 
taining ever  since. 

In  September  1865  Chatfield  guard  changed  from  artil- 
lery to  infantry  Company  A,  Second  regiment,  C.  N.  G.  It 
numbered  90  men,  many  of  them  veterans.  The  companies 
of  the  old  Sixth  regiment  were  attached  to  the  Second  regi- 


OP  WATERBUBT.  67 


mont,  making  12  companies  besides  the  battery,  over  1,000 
men  at  the  camp  in  New  Haven  that  month,  the  camp  being 
named  afte*r  Col.  Charles  L.  Russell  of  the  Tenth  C.  V.  who 
fell  at  Roanoke  Island.  O.  H.  Stevens  was  color  sergeant 
of  the  regiment. 

May  2,  1866,  Col.  Kellogg  was  promoted  to  be  brigadier 
general  commanding  Second  brigade.  Samuel  E.  Merwinjr. 
succeeded  him  as  colonel.  Not  long  after,  August  12,  Capt. 
E.  J.  Rice  was  made  major,  George  W.  Tucker  succeeding 
to  the  command  of  Company  A.  George  E.  Terry  was 
assistant  adjutant  general  on  Gen.  Kellogg's  staff. 

The  regiment  went  into  Camp  Mansfield  at  Bridgeport 
that  year  with  a  membership  of  1,200  against  300  two  years 
before.  John  P.  Elton  offered  a  flag  to  be  known  as  the 
Elton  flag  to  be  awarded  to  the  best  drilled  company. 
After  an  exciting  contest  it  was  won  by  the  Sarsfield  guard, 
Company  C,  of  New  Haven.  Despite  the  commendable 
purpose  of  Mr.  Elton,  the  contest  did  not  inure  to  the  har- 
mony of  the  regiment  and  accordingly  the  flag  was  not 
again  put  up  as  a  prize.  It  is  still  in  the  possession  of 
Company  C. 

April  30,  1866,  infantry  Company  D,  Sherman  guard,  was 
organized,  James  F.  Simpson  captain,  William  L.  G. 
Pritchard  first  lieutenant  and  James  M.  Birrell  second  lieu- 
tenant. In  its  armory  in  Gothic  hall  on  Phoenix  avenue, 
it  started  out  with  a  membership  of  over  50. 

A  period  of  quiet  followed  the  season  of  unusual  activ- 
ity. The  regular  routine  was  broken  by  an  occasional  ex- 
cursion, like  that  to  New  Haven  in  1867  to  do  honor  to 
President  Johnson,  and  by  the  encampments  in  various 
places,  soon  to  become  an  annual  event.  In  1867  the  num- 
ber of  regiments  was  reduced  to  four.  There  were  16  com- 
panies and  a  section  of  artillery  in  the  Second.  It  was 
planned  that  year  to  go  into  Camp  Osborn,  in  West  Haven, 
on  a  Friday,  September  8,  but  as  Gen.  Kellogg  was  opposed 
to  having  the  men  in  camp  over  Sunday,  the  date  was 
changed  to  Monday.  August  16,  1869,  Capt.  Tucker  was 
chosen  senior  major  with  E.  E.  Bradley  of  New  Haven 


THE  MILITARY   HISTORY 


colonel,  succeeding  G.  E.  Basserman  successor  to  Col.  Mer- 
win.  S.  R.  Smith  was  lieutenant  colonel.  A.  I.  Goodrich 
became  captain  of  Company  A. 

Company  D  changed  its  drill  hall  to  Way's  new  building 
on  Brook  street  April  9,  1869.  In  April  1870,  Capt.  Gilbert 
was  court  martialed  for  conduct  unbecoming  an  officer  and 
in  June  he  was  fined  $100  and  cashiered.  In  December, 
after  many  ballots,  John  L.  Saxe,  a  charter  member,  was 
elected  captain.  February  21,  1871,  the  company  moved  to 
Hotchkiss  hall. 

The  year  1871  saw  still  another  great  change  in  the  mili- 
tia. In  the  summer  the  Legislature  decreed  that  thereafter 
there  should  be  but  one  brigade,  it  to  consist  of  four  regi- 
ments, with  10  companies  as  the  maximum,  and  two  sec- 
tions of  artillery,  one  for  the  First  regiment.  The  First 
regiment  had  eight  companies,  the  Second  ten,  the  Third 
six  and  the  Fourth  eight.  Eighty-three  should  be  the  maxi- 
mum number  of  men  for  each  company,  afterward  reduced 
to  67  and  now  68.  Among  the  supernumerary  officers  dis- 
charged were  Maj.-Gen.  James  J.  McCord,  Brig.-Gen.  Kel- 
logg, Capt.Terry,  his  assistant  adjutant  general,  and  Capt.H 
Lynde  Harrison,  aid-de-camp.  Gen.  Kellogg  had  resigned  in 
1870  after  entering  Congress  but  the  governor  had  not 
accepted  his  resignation.  The  new  order  also  disbanded 
Company  D,  causing  the  American  to  remark  :  "  Under  the 
charge  of  Capt.  Saxe  and  his  assistants,  Company  D  had 
made  visible  improvement  and  it  seems  a  pity  it  should  be 
disbanded.  But  such  is  the  fate  of  war." 

Lieut.  Col.  Smith  succeeded  Col.  Bradley.  The  regiment 
was  now  equipped  with  breech-loading  Springfield  rifles. 
The  uniform  furnished  by  the.  State  under  the  law  of  1865 
was  of  cheap  kind.  By  the  new  law  the  regiments  were 
allowed  to  choose  their  own,  the  State  to  furnish  $25  toward 
each.  The  First  chose  dark  blue  with  red  trimmings,  light 
blue  trousers,  and  the  Third  the  same  with  light  blue  trim- 
mings. The  Second  and  Fourth  chose  gray  with  black  and 
gold  trimmings.  As  the  expense  was  not  covered  by  the 
State  allowance,  each  company  made  up  the  amount  out  of 


OF  WATEBBURY. 


its  own  treasury.  The  coats  were  cut  single-breasted  and 
after  the  "  swallow  tail  "  or  West  Point  style.  There  were 
three  rows  of  buttons,  with  cross  belts  and  epaulettes. 
The  hat  was  a  shako. 

July  26,  1871,  a  meeting  was  held  to  form  a  new  company 
to  be  known  as  the  "  Waterbury  Light  Guard,"  its  ranks 
open  to  all  young  men  irrespective  of  creed  or  nationality. 
In  September  Maj.  C.  R.  Bannon,who  had  been  instrumental 
in  its  formation,  received  word  that  the  company  had  been 
accepted  by  the  State  as  Company  G,  Second  regiment.  The 
men  chose  the  name  of  Sedgwick  guard  in  memory  of  Maj. 
Gen.  Sedgwick,  and  on  September  25  elected  C.  R.  Bannon 
captain,  W.  S.  Wilson  first  lieutenant  and  D.  A.  Magraw 
second  lieutenant.  The  other  charter  members  were  :  First 
sergeant,  Michael  E.  Dugan  ;  sergeants,  Frank  P.  Reynolds, 
Patrick  F.  Ryan,  John  F.  McCormack,  Terrence  E.  Rey- 
nolds ;  corporals,  Maurice  Culhane,  William  Kelly,  Michael 
Maher,  Patrick  Lyman,  Matthew  Byrnes,  Daniel  P.  Noo- 
nan,  Michael  Mitchell,  James  Tobin  ;  musicians,  James 
Reed,  Terrence  H.  Farrell.  The  privates  were  : 


Daniel  Bergin, 
Dennis  Casey, 
John  Culliton, 
Daniel  Cunningham, 
Myles  Daley, 
John  P.  English, 
James  Eustace, 

Patrick  Hanon, 
Peter  F.  Hosey, 
John  Hayes, 
James  Houlihan, 
Timothy  B.  Jackson, 
Thomas  J.  Jackson, 
Michael  Keeley, 

John  Martin, 
John  McAuliffe, 
Maurice  Noonan, 
Thomas  Reddiog, 
Frank  Reid, 
Thomas  Russell, 
John  White, 

Edmond  Fitzgerald,         James  McGuinnas,  Thomas  White. 

O'Donovan  Rossa  was  brought  here  to  lecture  to  raise  a 
fund  for  the  purchase  of  uniforms.  Their  drill  room  for  a 
short  time  was  in  Meyer's  hall  on  Scovill  street  and  then 
in  Hotchkiss  hall.  Everyone  took  hold  with  zeal  and 
enthusiasm,  making  it  soon  apparent  that  Waterbury  had 
now  another  company  that  was  to  be  a  credit  to  the  town. 

Since  he  had  said  in  1872  that  the  Connecticut  militia 
was  at  the  head  of  that  of  all  the  states,  it  was  quite  proper 
that  the  Second  should  go  to  the  inauguration  of  President 
Grant  in  1873.  After  being  nearly  frozen  on  a  delayed 


70  THE   MILITARY    HISTORY 

train,  they  did  not  arrive  in  time  for  the  parade.  Through 
the  influence  of  Congressman  S.  W.  Kellogg,  however,  they 
were  awarded  the  honor,  unprecedented  for  state  troops 
after  the  war,  of  a  special  review  by  the  president  and 
Gen.  Sherman  the  next  day  in  front  of  the  White  House 
on  which  occasion  the  compliments  of  1872  for  the  whole 
brigade  were  individualized  for  the  Second  regiment. 
Gen.  Upton  also  saw  fit  to  praise  them  in  warmest  terms. 
There  was  no  encampment  this  year. 

The  six  days'  encampment  ordered  by  the  law  of  1865 
was  reduced  to  four  days  in  1867.  In  1870  the  encamp- 
ment was  dispensed  with  for  that  year,  pending  the  work 
of  the  commission  appointed  to  revise  the  law.  Since  that 
revision  there  has  been  a  six  days'  encampment  either 
yearly  or  once  in  two  years  for  each  regiment  except  when 
dispensed  with  by  the  commander-in-chief  in  certain  cases 
where  an  equivalent  of  time  was  given  in  some  other  way. 
Of  late  years,  the  whole  brigade  has  gone  into  camp  each 
year  for  six  days.  The  law  reads  "  annually  or  biennially 
as  ordered  by  the  commander-in-chief,"  and  at  the  session 
of  the  General  Assembly  (biennial)  of  1889,  it  was  made 
"not  less  than  six  nor  more  than  eight  days."  It  was 
felt  that  so  much  time  was  lost  in  transportation  to  and 
from  and  in  getting  settled  for  business  that  much  better 
results  could  be  obtained  if  the  encampment  began  Sat- 
urday afternoon.  But  unfortunately  the  men  who  devised 
the  change  neglected  to  ask  for  the  necessary  increase 
in  appropriation.  Adjt.  Gen.  Embler  called  on  the  brig- 
ade in  1890  to  vote  by  companies  whether  they  would 
go  without  the  extra  two  days'  pay  (including  Sunday) 
but  each  man  to  have  his  allowance  of  30  cents  for  ra- 
tions. The  officers  of  the  Second  voted  unanimously  for 
the  plan  but  company  votes  in  other  regiments  decided 
the  matter  in  the  negative.  It  is  worthy  of  note  so  far 
as  the  religious  side  of  the  question  is  concerned  that 
the  chaplains  as  well  as  the  officers  stated  it  as  their 
emphatic  opinion  that,  with  light  camp  routine,  Sunday 
would  be  observed  by  all  the  men  as  strictly  as  at  home 
and  by  some  of  them  more  strictly. 


OP    WATEKBURY.  71 

In  the  years  immediately  following  the  war,  the  regi- 
ments held  their  encampments  at  various  places  in  their 
districts.  Later  the  State  leased  a  ground  near  the  How- 
ard house  at  Niantic  and  then  the  present  grounds  to 
the  north  of  them,  where  the  regiments  went  by  twos 
each  year.  Under  Gov.  Waller  in  1883,  the  State  pur- 
chased those  grounds  and  has  been  improving  them 
ever  since  until  they  are  unexcelled  in  the  United  States. 
The  location  on  a  low  bluff  near  the  Sound  at  the  mouth 
of  the  Niantic  river  is  delightful  while  the  well-sodded 
and  level  earth  with  its  sandy  top  soil  is  always  dry. 
Since  that  time  the  whole  brigade  has  gone  into  camp 
at  the  same  time  each  year  with  results  that  have  been 
most  beneficial. 

The  centennial  year  of  1876  will  long  be  remembered  by 
the  Waterbury  soldiers  who  were  in  camp  with  the  Second 
at  Philadelphia  a  full  week,  September  1-8.  Chaplain  A. 
N.  Lewis  held  services  Sunday;  Companies  G  and  C  went 
into  the  city  to  church.  Throughout  it  was  a  highly  cred- 
itable encampment. 

The  first  regular  local  rifle  range  was  established  in  Wa- 
terville  the  next  year  but  not  much  attention  was  paid  to 
practice  until  in  later  years  when  Maj.  F.  A.  Spencer  was  in- 
spector and  the  present  range  in  the  meadows  southeast 
of  the  city  became  a  reality.  Since  then  Waterbury  soldiers 
have  stood  high  in  marksmanship,  in  1888  Company  A 
winning  more  badges  than  any  company  in  the  brigade 
and  previous  to  that  its  company  team  having  covered  it- 
self with  glory  in  many  a  regimental  tournament.  It  is 
only  within  three  years  that  Company  G  has  given  much 
attention  to  this  branch  of  the  service,  but  it  is  rapidly 
overtaking  some  of  the  veterans  at  it.  Then  there  were 
the  excursions  to  Newark  in  1872,  to  Boston  and  Provi- 
dence June  17,  1878,  of  Company  A  to  New  Haven  July  4, 
1879,  of  both  to  Wolcottville  to  the  dedication  of  the  sol- 
diers' monument  September  10,  1879,  of  Company  A  to  the 
centennial  celebration  in  Watertown  June  17,  1880,  of  Com- 
pany G  to  Atlanta,  Ga.,  to  be  present  at  the  laying  of  the 
corner  stone  of  Memorial  hall,  October  16, 1880,  of  Company 


72  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


A  to  Boston  July  4,  1883,  of  both  to  New  York  on  Evacuation 
day,  November  26  of  the  same  year,  to  the  dedication  of 
the  soldiers'  monument  in  Naugatuck  May  30,  1885,  to  New 
Haven  on  Founders'  day,  April  25,  1888,  and  to  Providence 
and  Newport  in  June  1889.  These  with  the  entertainment 
given  to  guests  at  home  are  some  of  the  more  important 
events  which,  with  the  numerous  balls  and  festivals, 
made  an  interest  for  the  men.  And  on  great  occasions  of 
state,  like  the  funeral  of  Gen.  Grant  and  again  the  funeral 
of  Gen.  Smith  in  New  Haven,  Waterbury  was  almost  always 
represented. 

In  1875  the  companies  chose  Booth's  hall  at  the  corner  of 
Phoenix  avenue  and  East  Main  streets  for  their  armory. 

January  8,  1877,  Company  A  was  surprised  by  the  resig- 
nation of  its  efficient  commander,  A.  I.  Goodrich.  Fred- 
erick A.  Spencer,  who,  since  he  Was  a  sergeant  of  old  Com- 
pany H,  had  served  in  the  war,  had  been  first  lieutenant  of 
the  Second  Colorado  cavalry  and  at  this  time  was  paymas- 
ter of  the  Second  C.  N.  G.,  was  elected  to  succeed  him.  In 
1878  he  offered  the  Spencer  badge  to  be  shot  for  by  mem- 
bers of  the  company  each  year.  July  25,1877,  at  the  time  of 
the  railroad  riots,  originating  in  Pittsburg,  a  detail  of  men 
from  both  companies  was  appointed  to  remain  at  the  armory 
in  readiness  to  summon  the  others  if  the  governor  should 
call  for  them.  Realizing  more  forcibly  than  ever  the  pur- 
pose for  which  the  militia  was  maintained,  it  was  ordered 
that  thereafter  fifteen  quick  strokes  on  the  fire  bell  should 
call  out  both  companies.  At  the  time  of  the  hatters'  strike 
in  Danbury  in  1883,  though  no  regular  guard  was  main- 
tained, the  commanders  of  the  companies  were  ordered  to 
hold  their  men  in  readiness. 

The  old  Military  hall  having  been  refitted,  Company  A 
returned  to  it,  giving  a  dedication  ball  April  23,  1879.  In 
December  Company  G  took  up  quarters  again  in  Irving 
hall,  formerly  Hotchkiss  hall. 

That  year  the  Fifth  battalion,  colored  troops,  was  at- 
tached to  the  C.  N.  G.;  in  1890  the  remaining  companies 
of  the  battalion  became  the  Separate  companies.  Water- 
bury  never  had  a  colored  company. 


OF   WATERBURT.  73 


In  1 88 1,  Waterbury  was  called  upon  to  furnish  another 
major  for  the  Second  and  on  August  28,  P.  F.  Bannon 
was  elected  captain  of  Company  G  vice  C.  R.  Bannon 
promoted.  A  splendid  set  of  horse  equipments  attested 
to  the  company's  appreciation  of  Maj.  Bannon's  services. 

Then  in  April  1882,  Company  A  lost  Capt.  Spencer,  who 
was  appointed  brigade  inspector  of  rifle  practice,  with 
rank  of  major.  Under  his  command,  in  1880,  the  com- 
pany had  received  from  the  inspecting  officer  of  the 
First  and  Second  regiments,  Lieut.  Col.  Lewis  L.  Mor- 
gan of  New  Haven,  brigade  adjutant,  this  compliment  : 
"  Company  A  was  in  ail  respects  the  finest  appearing 
company  I  saw  in  either  regiment;  there  was  nothing  to 
criticise;  it  was  in  every  way  complete."  The  company  pre- 
sented a  very  handsome  badge  to  their  late  captain.  About 
the  same  time  they  adopted  a  company  pin.  F.  R.  White 
succeeded  Capt.  Spencer. 

No  halls  in  the  city  had  been  large  enough  for  drill 
rooms  and  none  was  well  adapted  for  the  purposes  of  mili- 
tary companies.  Petition  had  frequently  been  made  that 
a  special  armory  be  provided  by  the  State.  In  due  course 
of  time  Architect  R.  W.  Hill,  who  designed  the  similar 
buildings  about  the  State,  received  the  commission  to  make 
plans  for  a  brick  building  for  armory  purposes  alone  in  this 
city.  The  lot  chosen  by  the  State  was  at  the  south-east 
corner  of  Phoenix  and  Abbott  avenues,  so  situated  that  the 
grade  of  the  latter  avenue  was  considerably  above  the 
foundation  on  that  side.  On  December  20,  1883,  this  build- 
ing was  dedicated  with  lavish  ceremony.  Among  the 
guests  were  Gov.  Thomas  M.  Waller,  Adj.  Gen.  D.  N.  Couch, 
Brig.  Gen.  S.  R.  Smith  and  Col.  C.  P.  Graham.  On  the 
committees  were  Maj.  Spencer,  Maj.  E.  S.  Hayden,  pay- 
master on  the  brigade  staff,  Maj.  Bannon,  Lieut.  C.  H. 
French,  assistant  surgeon  on  the  colonel's  staff,  Capt.  P.  F. 
Bannon,  Capt.  J.  B.  Doherty  who  had  succeeded  Capt. 
White  in  command  of  Company  A;  Lieuts.  James  Horrigan 
and  M.  T.  Bradley  and  First  Sergt.  T.  F.  Meara  of  Com- 
pany G,  and  Lieuts.  C.  E.  Hall  and  F.  K.  Woolworth  and 
First  Sergt.  F.  J.  Manville  of  Company  A. 


74  THE   MILITARY   HISTORY 


At  the  time  of  Col.  Chatfield's  death  in  1863,  "  a  former 
resident  "  had  broached  the  subject  of  a  soldiers'  monu- 
ment. Many  times  in  later  years  the  matter  had  been 
brought  up  until  at  last,  largely  through  the  influence  of 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Joseph  Anderson  of  the  First  Congregational 
church,  it  had  taken  definite  shape.  By  private  subscrip- 
tions, by  donations  from  the  companies,  by  a  Grand  Army 
fair  and  in  one  way  and  another  the  money  had  been 
raised.  After  a  competition,  the  order  for  the  design  for 
the  monument — to  cost  $35,000 — had  been  awarded  to 
Sculptor  George  E.  Bissell  of  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  himself, 
as  it  happened,  a  volunteer  from  Waterbury  and  a  pay- 
master in  the  navy.  The  monument,  declared  the  hand- 
somest of  its  class  it  the  United  States,  was  erected  near 
the  west  end  of  the  green  and  was  dedicated  October  23, 
1884,  the  entire  Second  regiment  participating  in  the  exer- 
cises. September  13,  three  years  later,  the  companies 
paraded  on  the  occasion  of  the  dedication  of  the  Chatfield 
monument,  also  the  work  of  Mr.  Bissell,  in  Riverside  ceme- 
tery. 

The  year  1886  saw  one  more  change  in  the  uniform.  It 
had  been  decreed  that  the  entire  brigade  should  be  clothed 
alike,  the  serviceable  costume  of  the  regular  army  to  be 
closely  followed.  The  men  of  the  Second  discarded  their 
old  gray  suits  and  gaudy  belts  for  dark  blue,  single  breasted 
coats  and  light  blue  trousers,  all  with  white  trimmings  and 
a  careful  avoidance  of  anything  of  the  tinsel  nature. 

Feb.  19,  1885,  the  regiment  claimed  still  another  major 
from  Waterbury  and  this  time  it  was  Capt.  Doherty  of 
Company  A,  whose  place  was  taken  March  2  by  C.  E.  Hall. 
Under  Capt.  Doherty  the  company  had  led  the  entire 
brigade  in  percentage  of  attendance  at  drills  during  several 
seasons.  A  fine  set  of  horse  equipments  was  the  com- 
pany's token  to  him  of  their  esteem. 

December  13,  1887,  the  officers  of  Company  A,  Capt.  L.  F. 
Burpee  and  Lieuts.  C.  L.  Stocking  and  F.  M.  Bronson, 
offered  a  handsome  gold  badge  to  be  awarded  to  the  best 
drilled  man  at  annual  contests  at  the  close  of  the  drill  sea- 


OF  WATKRBURY.  75 


so'n.  Both  companies  now  had  finely  furnished  equipment 
rooms  and  parlors  in  the  armory. 

Maj.  Doherty  became  colonel  July  i,  1889,  thus  bringing 
the  headquarters  to  Waterbury.  F.  T.  Lee  of  New  Haven 
was  lieutenant  colonel.  Col.  Doherty's  stall  was  selected 
as  follows:  A.  M.  Dickinson,  Waterbury,  adjutant  and  cap- 
tain ;  George  G.  Blakeslee,  Waterbury,  quartermaster  and 
first  lieutenant;  William  H.  Newton,  Wallingford,  pay- 
master and  first  lieutenant;  Dr.  John  M.  Benedict,  Water- 
bury,  surgeon  and  major;  William  G.  Daggett,  of  New 
Haven,  assistant  surgeon  and  first  lieutenant;  Charles  C. 
Ford,  of  New  Haven,  inspector  of  rifle  practice  and  captain; 
the  Rev.  Justin  E.  Twitchell,  D.D.,  of  New  Haven,  chaplain. 
Fred  W.  Miller  of  Waterbury  was  drum  major. 

And  then  still  another  major  was  chosen  from  Water- 
bury  in  the  person  of  Capt.  Lucien  F.  Burpee  whose  succes- 
sor in  Company  A  was  C.  L.  Stocking.  Maj.  Burpee's  com- 
mission dated  from  February  3,  1890. 

By  the  character  of  the  officers  and  their  positions  in 
civil  life,  Waterbury  easily  demonstrated  its  ability  to  pre- 
serve the  prestige  of  a  regiment  which,  dating  from  1639, 
proudly  lays  claim  to  the  honor  of  being  the  oldest  mili- 
tary organization  in  America,  and  the  people  were  not 
slow  in  showing  their  appreciation  of  the  distinction  which 
these  men  had  won  for  the  town.  Their  first  public  oppor- 
tunity was  splendidly  improved  on  the  occasion  of  the  ball 
given  by  the  Second  Regiment  Officers'  Association  in  City 
hall  on  the  evening  of  February  6,  1890,  a  social  event 
which  has  never  been  surpassed  in  this  city. 

January  10,  1890,  Gov.  Morgan  G.  Bulkcley  appointed 
Capt.  A.  H.  Embler  of  Company  D,  Second  regiment,  New 
Haven,  adjutant  general  vice  Barbour  whose  resignation 
had  resulted  from  a  contest  between  the  First  regiment  on 
the  one  side  and  Gov.  Bulkeley  and  polo  players  who 
wanted  the  use  of  the  armory  on  the  other.  March  i,  Col. 
T.  L.  Watson  of  the  Fourth  was  appointed  to  succeed 
Charles  P.  Graham  as  brigadier  general  and  John  P.  Kel- 
logg, with  rank  of  captain,  was  appointed  an  aid  on  his 


76  THE  MILITABY  HISTORY 

staff,  May  12.  Gen.  Graham  has  brought  his  case  before 
the  Senate,  now  Democratic  in  complexion,  and  it  is  gener- 
ally considered  a  lamentable  possibility  that  Gen.  Watson's 
appointment  may  not  be  confirmed  as  a  result  of  the  polit- 
ical spite  aroused  by  the  recent  elections.  The  Democrats 
claim  that  Luzon  B.  Morris  is  elected  Governor  by  a  nar- 
row majority  ;  the  Republicans  hold  that  ballots  were 
thrown  out  illegally  and  that  there  is  no  choice  by  the  peo- 
ple. The  Senate  has  sworn  in  Judge  Morris  and  will  have 
nothing  to  do  with  the  Republican  House,  thus  leaving  Mr. 
Bulkeley  as  acting  governor  but  putting  a  stay  to  all  pro- 
ceedings, including  the  making  of  appropriations.  If  there 
is  no  appropriation  there  can  be  no  camp. 

May  28,  1890,  the  Waterbury  companies  participated  in 
the  field  day  maneuvers  of  the  Second  which  took  the  form 
of  an  attack  upon  Meriden  by  the  New  Haven  battalion 
with  the  Gatling  gun  platoon  of  the  regiment  under  Lieut. 
Col.  Lee  and  the  defense  of  the  city  by  the  Meriden,  Mid- 
dletown,  Wallingford  and  Waterbury  companies  under 
Maj.  Burpee,  Col.  Doherty  acting  as  referee.  It  was  the 
finest  and  most  successful  piece  of  practical  work  ever 
undertaken  in  the  Connecticut  militia. 

A  brief  word  as  to  the  present  system  of  drilling  may  be 
of  interest  to  anyone  who,  years  hence,  may  be  looking  up 
the  military  history  and  'customs  of  these  times.  Enlist- 
ment is  for  five  years.  The  drill  season  is  from  November 
i  to  June  i,  each  company  being  required  to  drill  each  week 
long  enough  to  make  a  total  of  five  hours  for  the  month. 
Special  attention  is  bestowed  upon  guard  duty  and  skirmish 
drill.  Particular  instruction  is  given  to  line  officers  and 
also  to  non-commissioned  officers  who  meet  regularly  for 
that  purpose.  After  January  i  each  year,  there  is  at  least 
one  battalion  drill  a  month.  In  the  spring  each  company  in 
the  State  is  required  to  devote  one  day  to  out-of-door  drill 
and  one  day  in  the  fall  is  likewise  set  apart  for  target 
practice.  There  is  also  one  annual  muster  and  inspection. 
Late  in  the  summer,  the  whole  brigade,  four  regiments. 


OF  WATERBURY.  77 


goes  into  camp  on  the  State's  grounds  at  Niantic  for  a  six 
days'  tour  of  duty.  For  this  duty,  as  for  field  day,  the  State 
allows  $2  a  day  to  each  soldier;  one  "  ration  "  (30  cents)  a 
day  for  each  enlisted  man,  four  rations  for  line  officers, 
and  six  rations  for  colonel,  five  for  lieutenant-colonel  and 
four  for  major  and  the  commissioned  staff.  In  addition,  the 
colonel  has  an  allowance  of  $60  a  year  toward  expenses. 
The  State  also  makes  proper  allowance  for  horses  and  their 
forage,  for  mounted  officers.  On  the  other  hand  the  State 
exacts  from  the  soldiers  a  fine  of  $5  for  each  unexcused 
absence  from  any  of  the  three  roll-calls  a  day.  The  uniform 
worn  by  the  men  is  furnished  by  the  State  ;  the  officers  are 
allowed  $ioa  year  toward  theirs.  It  consists  of  a  dark  blue 
frock  coat,  with  a  single  row  of  buttons  for  the  men  and  a 
double  row  for  the  officers,  lighter  blue  trousers  with  white 
stripe  and  black  helmet  with  brass  ornaments  and  spike. 
Then  there  is  a  plain  blue  fatigue  coat  and  a  forage  cap  with 
vizor.  In  full  dress  uniform,  the  officers  wear  shoulder 
knots.  The  guns  are  of  the  old  style  Springfield  breech- 
loading,  45  calibre,  extremely  antiquated  and  useless,  hav- 
ing been  issued  in  1870. 

The  companies  also  have  a  civil  or  club  organization, 
controlled  by  regularly  elected  officers.  As  such  organ- 
ization, they  debate  all  matters  relating  to  the  welfare  of 
the  company,  elect  into  the  body  as  many  members  as  they 
see  fit  and  arrange  balls  and  entertainments  to  keep  up  the 
company  fund.  The  entire  militia  is  governed  by  the  State 
Regulations. 

The  military  poll  tax  in  round  numbers  amounts  to 
$110,000  a  year  and,  with  all  its  liberality,  the  State  man- 
ages to  get  an  average  surplus  of  about  $10,000  out  of  this 
after  paying  all  the  military  expenses.  In  return  for  its 
expenditures,  the  government  has  at  hand,  ready  at  a 
moment's  warning,  a  body  of  men  whose  skill,  discipline 
and  equipment  are  said  by  the  national  authorities  to  be 
second  to  those  of  no  volunteers  in  the  Union  and  to  be 
equalled  by  but  few. 


78  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


Record  in  Indian  and  French  Wars. 


CLARK,  TIMOTHY,  3d  Lieut.,  1769. 

FULFORD,  GERSIIOM,  2d  Lieut.,  1755.  % 

HICKCOX,  SAMUEL,  Capt.,  1745. 

JUDD,  SAMUEL,  1st  Lieut.,  1762. 

LEWIS,  ELDAD,  Capt.,  1762. 

HOLMES,  REUBEN,  Col.  Illinois  Regt.  Black  Hawk  war,  1852;  aid  to  Gen. 
Dodge.  [Grad.  West  Point,  '23;  2d  Lieut.  6th  Inf.;  Capt.  of  Dra- 
goons, '58;  died  '53.] 


Revolutionary  Record. 

[Et  is  to  be  remembered  that  nearly  all  tiie  militia  served  more  or  less  in  the  fluid.] 

BALDWIN,  JONATHAN,  Lieut. -Col.  10th  Mil.,  '75-'78. 

BALDWIN,  ISAAC,  Surgeon  (10th  V)  some  time  during  war. 

BALDWIN,  SAMUEL,  (?)  1st  Lieut.  2d  Co.  5th  Bat.,  '76. 

BARNES,  AMOS,  Capt.  in  Hooker's  Regt.,  Apr.  5-20,  '77. 

BARNES,  NATHANIEL,  Capt.  10th  Mil.,  '77.   , 

BEACH,  JOSEPH,  Eus.  4th  Co.,  5th  Bat.,  '76;  Ens.  in  Hooker's  Regt.  Apr. 

5-20,  '77. 

BEEBE  IRA,  Lieut.  10th  Mil.,  '77;  Capt.  27th  Mil.,  '78. 
BENEDICT,  AARON,  Lieut.  3rd  Wat.  Co.,  '76. 
BENHAM,  ISAAC,  Lieut,  corn'd'g  in  10th  Mil.,  '76. 
BRONSON,  ISAAC,  yd  Lieut.,  8th  Co.,  1st  Regt.,  '75;  Capt.  3d  Wat.  Co.,  '76; 

Capt.  27t!iMil.,  '78. 

BRONSON,  ISAAC  JR.,  1st  Lieut.,  2nd  Bat.,  '76. 

BRONSON,  ISAAC,  Surgeon,  Sheldon's  Dragoons,  Nov.  14,  '79,  to  end  of  war. 
BRONSON,  MICHAKL,  2nd  Lieut.,  4th  Co.,  5th  Bat.,  '76;  Acting  Adjt.,  '77. 
BRONSON,  OZAIS,  Ens.  in  Hooker's  Regt.,  April  9,  May  20,  '77. 
BRONSON,  SAMUEL,  Ens.  2nd  Co.  10th  Mil.,  '76. 
CAMP,  SAMUEL,  E  .s.  2d  Ccx,  10th  Mil.,  '75;  Capt.  in  Hooker's  Regt.,  March 

29,  '77. 

CASTLE,  PHINEAS.  Capt.  1st  Wat.  Co.,  10th  Mil.,  '76. 
COLLINS,  AUGUSTUS,  Maj.  28th  Mil.,  May,  '82. 
CONANT,  ROGER,  Eus.  18th  Co.,  10th  Mil.,  '75. 
CURTIS,  JESSE,  Capt.  10th  Mil.,  '75;  1st  Lieut.  5th  Co.,  1st  Regt.,  May  1- 

Dec.  10,  T5;  Capt.  in  Hooker's  Regt.,  Nov.    5-May  21,    '77;  Maj. 

28th  Mil.,  Jan.  '80;  Res., '82. 


OF  WATERBURY.  79 


Cairns,  JOTHAM,  Capt.  4th  Wat.  Co.,  '76;  Capt.  in  10th  Mil.,  '77. 
CURTIS,  GILES  (?)  Ens.  in  6th  line,  Jan.  1,  '77;  Lieut.    May  10,   '80;  Res. 

Sept.  12,  '80. 
CURTIS,  ELI,  Sergt.-Maj.,  8th  line,  April  10,  '77;  Ens.,  Nov.  17,  '77;  Lieut. 

April  21,  '78;  Res.,  Dec.  4,  '79. 

DUTTON,  TITUS,  Lieut,  in  Corps  Artificers,  Feb.  23,  '79. 
BUTTON,  THOMAS,  Lieut.  2nd  Wat.  Co.,  '76. 
EDWARDS,  NATHANIEL,  2d  Lieut.  13th  Co.,  10th  Mil., '75;  2d  Lieut.  5th  Co. , 

1st  Regt.  May  1-Dec.  10,   '75;  1st  Lieut,    in   Bradley's   Bat.    '76; 

Capt.  in  Hooker's  Regt.  '77;  Capt.  in  Provisional  Regt.  '81. 
FENN,  BENJAMIN,  Ju.,  Ens.  2d  Bat.,  '76. 
FENN,  THOMAS,  Capt.  10th  Mil.,  '77. 
FOWLER,  NOAH,  Lieut. -Col.  Com'd'g  28th  Mil.,  May  '82. 
FOOT,  MOSES,  Lieut.  15th  Co.  10th  Mil.,  '75;  Capt.  27th  Mil.,  '78. 
GARNSEY,  JOSEPH,  Capt.  10th  Mil.,  '75,  '77;  Capt.  27th  Mil.,  '78. 
GRANNIS,  ENOS,  Sergt.  Sept.  13,  '77;  Lieut.  Corps  Artificers,  Nov.  12,  '79. 
HART,  SAMUEL,  Ens.  8th  Co.  10th  Mil.,  '76. 
HECOCK,  AMOS,  JR.,  2d  Lieut.  4th  Co.,  Swift's  Bat.  '76. 
HICKOX,  AMOS,  Jr.,  Ens.  19th  Co.  10th  Mil.  '76. 
HICKOX,  JOSEPH,  Capt.  8th  C6.  10th  Mil. ,  '76. 
HOPKINS,  STEPHEN,  Lieut.  6th  Wat.  Co.  10th  Mil.,  '76. 
IVES,  LAZARUS,  Lieut,  in  Hooker's  Regt.  Apr.  5-20,  '77. 
LAW,  WILLIAM,  2d  Lieut.  2d  Bat.,  '76. 
LEAVENWORTH,  NATHAN,  Surgeon's  Mate,  Mass.  Line,  Feb.  '80  to  end  of 

war. 

LEWIS,  JOHN,  JR.,  Capt.  4th  Co.  5th  Bat.,  '76;  Capt.  10th  Mil.,  '77. 
MATHEWS,   STEPHEN,    1st  Lieut.   8th  Co.    1st  Regt.,  '75;  Capt.  4th  Co. 

Swift's  Bat.,  76. 

MERRIAMS,  ISAAC,  Ens.  in  Hooker's  Regt.  Apr.  5-20,  '77. 
OSBORNE,  LOTT,  Ens.  13th  Co.  10th  Mil.,  '76. 
PARSONS,  SIMONS,  Lieut,  in  Hooker's  Regt.  March  29-Apr.  23,  '77. 
PENDLETON,  DANIEL,  Capt.  Corps  Artificers,  Aug.  26,  '77  to  end  of  war. 
POND,  TIMOTHY,  Lieut.  4th  Wat.  Co.,  '76. 
PORTER,  ASHBEL,  Lieut.  1st  Wat.  Co.  10th Mil.,  '76. 
PORTER,  JAMES,  Ens.  in  Can  field's  Regt.,  West  Point.,  Sept.,  '81. 
PORTER,  PHINEAS,  Capt.  8th  Co.  1st  Regt.,  '75;  Maj.  10th  Mil., '75;  Maj. 

5th  Bat.,  June  20,  '76;  Col.  10th  Mil.,  '77;  Col.  28th  Mil.,  Jan.  '80. 
POTTER,  STEPHEN,  3d  Lieut.  2d  Co.  5th  Bat.,  '76. 
RICE,   NEHEMIAH,   1st  Lieut,  in  Elmore's  Regt.,  Apr.   15,  '76;  Adjt.  8th 

line,  Jan.  1,  '77;  Capt.   8th  and  5th  line,  Nov.  15,  '77;  continued, 

'81. 
RICHARDS,  BENJAMIN,  Ens.  19th  Co.  10th  Mil.,  '75;  Lieut.   19th  Co.  10th 

Mil.,    '76;    Capt.  2d  Bat.,  '76;    Capt.    10th,  '77;  Lieut.  Col.,  28th 

Mil.,  Jan.  '80;  Res.  in  '82.  (?) 


THE   MILITARY   HISTORY 


ROBERTS,  JONATHAN,  Lieut.  19th  Co.,  10th  Mil.,  '75. 

SANFORD,  DANIEL,  Lieut.  5th  Wat.  Co.,  10th  Mil.,  '76. 

SCOTT,  EZEKIEL,  Capt.  2d  Co.  3d  Regt.,  May  1-Dec.  10,  '75;  Capt.  22d 
Continental,  '76. 

SCOVILL,  SAMUEL,  Ens.  Wat.  Co.,  '76. 

SEYMOUR,  STEPHEN,  Capt.  5th  Wat.  Co.  10th  Mil.,  76;  Capt.  27th  Mil., 
'78. 

SEYMOUR,  JOSHUA,  Capt.  27th  Mil.,  '78. 

SMITH,  DAVID,  Ens.  8th  Co., '1st  Regt.  '75;  Capt.  in  Elmore's  Regt,  Apr. 
15,  '76;  Capt.  8th  Regt.  '77;  Maj.  8th  line,  Mar.  13,  '78;  Sub-In- 
spector Varnum's  1st  Conn.  Brig.,  Mar.  29,  '78-'81;  Brig.  Maj.  2d 
Conn.  Brig.,  May  13,  '79;  subsequently  Maj.  Gen.  Conn.  Militia. 

SMITH,  MATTHEW,  Lieut,  in  Hookers  Regt.,  Apr.  12-May  20,  '77. 

STANLEY,  ABRAHAM,  Lieut,  in  Hooker's  Regt.,  Apr.  1-22,  '77. 

STRICKLAND,  SAMUEL,  (?)  Capt.  27th  Mil.,  '78. 

TERRILL,  ISRAEL,  Ens.  15th  Co.,  10th  Mil.,  '75. 

TERRILL,  JOSIAH,  Capt.  6th  Wat.  Co.,  10th  Mil.,  '76. 

TUTTLE,  Lucius,  Ens.  10th  Mil.,  '77. 

TOTTLE,  TIMOTHY.  Sergt.  8th  line,  May  24,  '77;  Ens.  June  16,  '78;  Res., 
May  12,  '79. 

WARNER,  JAMES,  1st  Lieut.  4th  Co.,  5th  Bat.,  '76;  Capt.  27th  Mil..  '78. 

WOODRUFF,  JOHN,  Capt.  2d  Wat.  Co.,  10th  Mil.,  '76;  Capt.  27th  Mil.,  '78. 


Record  in  War  of  1812. 


BELLAMY,  JOSEPH,  1st  Lieut.,  Aug.  3,  '13  (?);  Sept.  8th,  '14;  Disc.  Oct.  2i 

'14. 

BUCKINGHAM,  JOHN,  Capt.,  Aug.  3,  '13;  Sept.  8th,  '14;  Disc.  Oct.  20,  '14. 
HOTCHKISS,  SHELDON,  2nd  Lieut.,  Sept.  29th,  '14;  Disc.  Oct.  20,  '14. 
SCOVILL,  JAMES  M.  L.,  2nd  Lieut.,  Aug  20,  '13;  Disc.  Sept.  16,  '13. 


BRADLEY,  ANER,  Lieut.  Col.  "Vol.  Exempts." 


Mexican  War. 


BELL,  A.  N.,  Surg.  Gulf  Squadron. 

KINGSBURY,  Julius  J.  Backus,  Brvt.  Maj.  1st  Inf.  U.  S.  A.,  Aug.  '48;  Maj. 

May  7,  '49;  Distn.  Jan.  27,  '53.  [Grad.  West  Point  '23;  2nd  Lieut. 

2nd  Inf.;  Capt.  Feb.  13,  '37]. 


OF  WATERBURY.  81 


Record  in  the  Rebellion. 


ABBOTT,  CHARLES  S.,  Capt.  Co.  H,  20th;  Sept.  8,  '62;  Disc.  Nov.  10,  '62. 
BANNON,   CHARLES  R.,  2nd  Lieut.  Co.  C,  1st  H.   A.,   March  12, '62;   1st 

Lieut.  Co.  B,  Sept.  23,  '62;  Capt.  Co.  B,  Nov.  19,  '64;  M.  o.,  Sept. 

25,  '65;  Brvt.  Maj.,  Apr.  9,  '65. 

BIRRELL,  JAMES  M.,  1st  Lieut.  Co.  H,  23d,  Nov.  14,  '62;  Res.  Apr.  6,  '63. 
BISSELL,  GEORGE  E.,  Priv.  Co.  A,  23d,  Aug.  20,  '62;  Disc.  Aug.  31,  '63;  As 

sistaut  Paymaster  South  Atlantic  Squadron  to  close  of  war. 
BRONSON,  NELSON,  1st  Sergt.  Co.    E,  8th,  Sept.  25th,  '61;  1st  Lieut.  Co. 

E,  March  18,  '62;  Disc.  Jan.  17,  '63;  1st  Lieut.  Vet.    Res.  Corps, 

Aug.  19,  '63;  Disc.  Oct.  15,    '66;  2nd  Lieut.  42nd  U.  S.  Infantry, 

July  28th,  '66;  1st  Lieut.  June  8,  '74. 
BRONSON,  JOHN  T.,  Sergt.  Co.  E,  8th,  Sept.  25,  '61;  2ud  Lieut.  April  8th, 

'62,  Res.  Oct.  2,  '62. 
BRONSON,  MCKENDRIE  W.,  Sergt.   Co.   A,   23d,  Nov.   14,   '62;  1st  Sergt. 

Nov.  25th,  '62;  Lieut.  Co.  C,  Apr.  9,  '63;  M.  o.,  Aug.  31,  '63. 
CARPENTER,  SAMUEL  W.,  1st  Lieut.  Co.  D,   1st,  April  22,  '61;  Capt.   Co. 

C,  14th,  Aug.  4,  '62;  Disc.  Nov.  29,  '67. 

CARROLL,  WILLIAM,  2nd  Lieut.  Co.  F,  9th,  Oct.  30,  '61;  Res.  Dec.  20,  '62. 
CHATFIELD,  JOHN  L.,  Maj.  1st.,  April  22,  '61;  Lieut.-Col.,  May  10,  '61; 

Col.  3d,  May  31,  '61;  Col.  6th,   Aug.  22,    '61.     Died   of  wounds 

Aug.  9,  '63. 
CLAFFEE,  PATRICK  T.,  Priv.  Co.  D.  1st,  April  22,  '61.     Sergt.-Maj.  9th, 

Sept.  9,  '61;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  C,  Feb.  25,  '62;  1st  Lieut.  May  18,  '62; 

Died  Oct.  5,  '62. 
COLTON,  JOSEPH,  Hosp.    Steward,  1st.,  May   28,  '61;    Quart. -Mast.    6ch, 

June  25,  '63;  Disc.  Sept.  13,  '64. 
COON,  MARCUS,  Capt.  Co.  D,  1st,  April  22,  '61 ;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  B,  1st  Squad. 

Cav.   (Co.    D,  2d  N.    Y.  Cav.),  Aug.  29,  '61;  Capt.  Jan.  15,  '62; 

Dism.  Oct.  '63. 
CUMMINQS,  JOSEPH  H.,  1st  Sergt.  Co.  I.  1st  H.  A.,  May  23,  '61;  2d  Lieut. 

Co.  B,  Nov.  6,  '61;  1st  Lieut.,  March  1,  '62.     Died  Aug.  28,  '64. 
D  ARROW,  WILLIAM  T.,  Sergt.  Co.  D,  5th,  July  22,  '61;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  D, 

Nov.  7,  '61.     Res.  May  2,  '62. 
DOWNS,  LEVI  B.,  Priv.  Co.  I,  1st  H.  A.,  May  23,  '61;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  C,  107th 

U.  S.  Col'd  Infantry,  July  9,  '64;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  B,  Dec.  6,  '64. 

Disc.  Nov.  22,  '63. 
DURYEE,  REDFIELD,  Priv.  Co,  D,  6th,  April  22,  '62;  Adj.  3d,  Sept.  21,  '63; 

Col.,  Dec.  10,  '63.     Res.  May  29,  '64. 
ELLIOTT,  JAMES  P.,  Priv.  Co.  I,  1st  H.  A.,  June  8,  '61;  Corp.,  March  9,  '62; 

1st  Sergt.,  May  23,  '64;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  D,  1st  H.  A.,  Dec.  10,  '64. 

M.  o.  Sept.  25,  '65. 


THE  MILITARY   HISTORY 


FOLEY,  JOHN,  Capt.  Co.  F,  9th,  Oct.  30,  *6l.     Res.  Dec.  20,  '62. 
HAMILTON,  DAVID  B.,  1st  Lieut.  Co.  D,  5th,  July  22,  '61;  Capt,  Co.  K, 

Sept.  13,  '62.     Disc.  Jan.  10,  '63. 

HAMILTON,  WiLLiAM.lst  Lieut.  Co.  K,  5th,  July  22,  '61;  Res.  Nov.  24,  '62. 
HITCHCOCK,  ARTHUR,  Priv.  Co.  D,  1st,  April  22,  '61;   2d  Lieut.  Co.  D,  25th 

U.  S.  Col'd  Infantry,  June  5,  '65;  Disc.  Dec.  6,  '65. 
HOLMES,  CHARLES  E.  L.,  Col.  23d,  Nov.  14,  '62;  Disc.  June  18,  '63. 
HUDSON,  EDWARD  P.,  1st  Sergt.  Co.  D,  1st,  Apr.  '22,  '61;  Capt.  Co.  E,  6th, 

Aug.  23,  '61;  Res.  Feb.  19,  '64. 
HURLBURT,  CHARLES  D.,  2d  Lieut.  Co.  H,  23d,  Aug.  14,  '62;  1st  Lieut. 

April  16,  '63;  Disc.  Aug.  9,  '64. 
LARKIN,  GEORGE  F.,  Priv.  Co.  C,  1st  H.  A.,  March  11,  '62;  Corp.,  April 

16,  '63;  Sergt.,  May  10,  '64;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  H,  June  15,  '65.     M.  o., 

Sept.  25,  '65. 

LEAVENWORTH,  MEL.  C.,  Asst.  Surg.,  12th,  Dec.  31,  '61.  Died  Nov.  16,  '62. 
MARTINSON,  AUGUSTUS,  Priv.  Co.  D,  6th,  April  22,  '63;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  M,  2d 

N.  Y.  Cav.,  Dec.  10,  '62.     Killed  June  17,  '63. 
MINTIE,  ALEXANDER  E.,  Sergt.  Co.  H,  20th,  Sept.  8th,  '62;  2d  Lieut.  Co. 

I,  Nov.  1/63;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  C,  March  17,  '64.     Disc.  May  3,  '65. 
MORRIS,  WILLIAM  E.,  2d  Lieut.  Co.  D,  1st,  April  22,  '61;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  D, 

1st  Cav.,  Oct.  8,  '61;  Capt.,  Oct.  5,  '63;  Dism.  June  16,  '64. 
NEVILLE,  EDWIN  M.,  2d  Lieut.  Co.  D,  1st  Cav.,  Feb.  1,  '64;  1st  Lieut.  Co. 

H,  1st  Cav.,  Feb.  16,  '65.  Awarded  national  medal  of  honor  for  cap- 
ture of  flag.     M.  o.  Aug.  2,  '65. 

PECK,  HENRY  B.,  Capt.  Co.  H,  15th,  Aug.  25,  '62.    Died  Jan.  30,  '63. 
PLACE,  HENRY  N.,  1st  Lieut.  Co.  E,  8th,  Sept.  25,  '61.     Res.  March  18,  '62. 
PRATT,  HENRY  A.,  Q.  M.  Sergt.  Co.  A,  1st  H.  A,  March  19,  '62;  2d  Lieut.  Co. 

G,  March  24,  '62;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  H,  Feb.  18,  '63;  Disc.  March  18/65. 
PRITCHARD,  WILLIAM  L.  G.,  Priv.  Co.  C,  14th,  Aug.  1,  '62;  Corp.  Jan.  14, 

'64;  Sergt.,  March  1,  '64;  1st  Sergt.,  Sept.  20,  '64;  2d  Lieut.  Co. 

B,  Feb.  15,  '65.     M.  o.  May  31,  '65. 
RICE,  EDWARD  J.,  2d  Lieut.  Co.  D,  5th,  July  22,  '61;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  I,  Nov.  7, 

'61;  Capt.  Co.  G,  Oct.  14,  '62.     Res.  July  22,  '63. 
ROCKWELL,  PHILO  G.,  Surg.  14th,  Aug.  23,  '62.     Disc.  March  8,  '63. 
SEWARD,  SAMUEL  H.,  Corp.  Co.  I,  14th,  Aug.  23,  '62;  1st  Sergt.,  Feb.  11, 

'63;  2d  Lieut.,  June  5,  '63;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  H,  Oct.  20,  '63.     Disc. 

July  8,  '64. 
SEYMOUR,  FREDERICK  J.,  1st  Lieut.,  Co.  C,  14th,  Aug.  23,  '62;  Capt.  Co. 

G,  Nov.  12,  '62;  Disc.  Dec.  24,  '62. 
SIMPSON,  JAMES  F.,  2d  Lieut.  Co.  C,  14th,  Aug.  23,  '62;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  D, 

Feb.  4,  '63;  Capt.  Co.  C,  Oct.  20,  '63;  Disc.  Nov.  16,  '64. 
SKIDMORE,  JOHN  R.,  Priv.  Co.  D,  1st  Cav.,  Oct.  14,  '61;  Corp.  Nov.  9,  '62; 

Sergt.  Jan.  18,  '64;  Capt.  -Co.  B,  Dec.  10,  '64;  M.  o.  Aug.  2,  '65. 
SMITH,  MARTIN  B.,  Capt.  Co.  E,  8th,  Sept.  6,  '61;  Lieut.  Col.  May  1,  '63; 

Disc.  Jan.13,  '65.  • 


OF  WATERBURY. 


SNAGG,  HENRY  L.,  Corp.  Co.  D,  1st,  April  22,  '61;  Sergt.  Co.  C,  Utb,  Aug.  4, 

'62;  Sergt.  Maj.  April  15,  '63;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  H,  Sept.  1,  '63;  Capt. 

Oct.  20,  '63;  Disc.  May  5,  '64. 
SPENCER,    Fred.    A.,    1st  Lieut.  2d  Colorado  cavalry,  May  15,  '62;  M.  o. 

Sept.  23,  '65. 
SPRUCE,  JAMES,  1st  Lieut.  Co.  I,  20th,  Sept.  8,  '62;  Capt.  Co.B,  April  8,  '65; 

M.  o.  June  13,  '65. 
STOCKING,  GEORGE  A.,  1st.  Sergt.  Co.  C,  14th,  Aug.  23,  '62;  2d  Lieut.  Co. 

D,  Nov.  13,  '63;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  I,  Nov.  18,  '64;  M.  o.  May  81,  '65. 
TITUS,  GEORGE,  Sergt.  Co.  C,  5th,  July  22,  '61;  Sergt.  Maj.   Jan.  '63;  2d 

Lieut.  Co.  E,  5th,  Oct.  16,  '63;  res.  Aug.  4,  '64. 
TUCKER,  GEORGE  W.,  1st  Sergt.  Co.  A,  23d,  Nov.  14,  '62;  2d  Lieut.  Nov. 

25,  '62;  M.  o.  Aug  13,  '63. 
WADIIAMS,  HENRY  W.,  Sergt.  Co.  C.,  14th,  Aug.  20,  '62;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  D, 

March  3,  '63;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  K,  Nov.  13,  '63;  killed  May  26,  '64. 
WADIIAMS,  LUMAN  W.,    Sergt.  Co.  D,  1st,  April  22,  '61;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  E, 

8th,  Sept.  6,  '61;  res.  March  18,  '62;  1st  Lieut.  2dH.  A.,  Aug.  18, 

'62;  Capt.  Aug.  24,  '63;  died  of  wounds  June  3,  '64. 
WELLS,  ALFRED,  2d  Lieut.  Co.  A,   23d,  Sept.  1,   '62;  1st  Lieut.  Nov.    14, 

'62;   Capt.  Nov.  25,  '62;  Disc.  Aug.  9,  '64. 
WHITING,  JAMES  H.,  Priv.  Co.  A,   23d,  Nov.  14,  '62;  Adj.   April  9,  '63;  M. 

o.  Aug.  31,  '63. 
WILCOX,  JAY  P.,  Corp.  Co.    D,  1st,  April  22,  '61;    Sergt.  Maj.  6,  'Sept.  21, 

'61;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  A,  6th,  Jan.  '62;  1st  Lieut.  Mar.  '62;  Capt.    Co. 

B,  6th,  Feb.  21,  '64;  killed  May  10,  '64. 

WILLEY,  JUNIUS  M.,  Chaplain  3d,  June  14,  '61;  M.  o.  Aug.  12,  '61. 
WOOSTER,  WILLIAM  H.   H.,  Priv.  Co.  E,  6th,  Feb.  28,  '64;    2d  Lieut.  Co. 

E,  April  8,  '64;  Q.  M.  Oct.  31,  '64;  M.  o.  Aug.  21,  '65. 


THE  MlLItARY  HISTORY 


COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS. 


Colonial  Commanders. 


1682  Thomas  Judd,  Sr.,  Sergt. 
1689  John  Stanley,  Lieut. 
1695  Thomas  Judd,  Lieut. 
1703  Timothy  Stanley,  Lieut. 


Captains. 

1715  (Dea.)  Thos.  Judd, 
1722  Ephraim  Warner, 
1727  William  Hickcox, 
1730  William  Judd. 


Lieutenants. 
1716  John  Hopkins,          1689  Thomas  Judd, 
1722  William  Hickcox,     1695  Timothy  Stanley, 
1727  John  Bronson,  1715  John  Hopkins, 

1730  Timothy  Hopkins.  1722  John  Bronson, 
1727  William  Judd, 
1730  Samuel  Hickcox. 


FIRST   COMPANY. 


Captains, 

1730  William  Judd, 
1746  Thomas  Heacock, 
1754  Thomas  Porter, 
1757  Timothy  Judd, 

1760  Gideon  Hotchkiss. 
(2nd  Co.  ?) 

1761  Edward  Scovill, 

1763  Thomas  Richard, 

1764  Stephen  Upson, 
1767  Jonathan  Baldwin, 

1769  Abel  Woodward 
(West), 

1770  Ezra  Bronson, 

1771  Thomas  Cole 
(West). 


Lieutenants. 
1732  Sam'l  Hickcox, 
1740  Thomas   Richards, 
1746  William  Scovill, 
1754  Obadiah  Richards, 
1756  John  Lewis, 
1761  Amos  Hitchcock, 

1763  John  Nettleton, 

1764  Jonathan  Baldwin, 
1766  Abel  Woodward, 
1769  Samuel  Porter, 
1769  Peter  Welton 

(West). 

1769  BartholomewPond, 

1770  Ashbel  Porter, 

1771  Samuel  Curtis, 
1774  Phineas  Porter. 


Ensigns. 

1732  John  Scovill, 
1740  David  Scott, 
1746  Nath'l  Arnold, 
1754  John  Lewis, 

1756  Gideon  Hotchkiss, 

1757  Edward  Scovill, 
1759  James  Smith, 
1763  Abel  Woodward, 

1763  Sam'l  Hickcox,  Jr., 

1764  Andrew  Bronson, 

1766  Peter  Wellon, 

1767  Sam'l  Porter, 

1769  Thos.  Cole, 

1770  Stephen  Miles, 

1771  Benj.  Richards, 

1771  Nath'l  Barnes,  Jr., 

1772  Phineas  Porter, 
1774  Reuben  Blakeslee. 


OP   WATERBURY. 


85 


SECOND  COMPANY. 


Captains. 

1732  Timothy  Hopkins, 
1743  Stephen  Upson, 
1751  Dan'l    Southmayd, 
1759  Geo.  Nichols, 

1765  Jos.  Brownson, 

1766  John  Welton, 

1769  Sam'l  Hickcox, 

1770  Abr'm  Hickcox, 
1774  Mich'l  Dayton. 


Lieutenants. 
1732  Thos.  Bronson, 
1741  Stephen  Upsou, 
1743  John  Judd, 
1759  Josiah  Bronson, 
1763  Joseph  Bronson, 

1765  Wm.  Hickcox, 

1766  Sam'l  Hickcox, 
1766  JesseLeaven worth, 

1769  Rich'd  Seymour, 

1770  Hezekiah  Brown, 
1772  Sam'l  Brown, 
1774  Stephen  Mathews. 


1732  Stephen  Upson, 
1741  John  Judd, 
1743  Dan'l  Southmayd. 
1759  EbenVr  Warner, 
1763  Wm.  Hickcox, 

1765  Aaron  Harrison, 

1766  Stephen  Welton, 
1766  Abrah'm  Hickcox, 
1770  Sam'l  Brown, 
1770  Joseph  Warner, 
1772  Nath'l  Richardson, 
1772  Mich'l  Dayton, 
1774  Amos  Bronson, 
1774  Isaac  Brownson,  Jr. 


THIRD  COMPANY. 


Captains. 

Lieutenants. 

Ensigns. 

1740  Thos.  Blachley, 

1740  John  Bronson, 

1740  Dan'l  Curtis, 

1751  John  Bronson, 

1744  Dan'l  Curtis, 

1744  John  Warner, 

1754  Phineas  Royce, 

1751  Jacob  Blakely, 

1749  Phineas  Royce, 

1770  John  Lewis, 

1754  John  Sutlief, 

1754  Zachariah  Sanford, 

1772  Sam'l  Porter. 

1770  Sam'l  Porter, 

1770  Amos  Osborn, 

1772  Thos.  Kincaid, 

1773  John  Lewis,  Jr. 

1773  Amos  Osborn. 

NORTHBURY  COMPANIES. 


Captains. 

1765  John  Sutlief, 

1766  Aaron  Harrison, 

1767  Dan'l  Potter, 
1769  Randall  Evans. 


Lieutenants. 
1765  Stephen  Seymour, 

1765  Benj.  Upson, 

1766  Heman  Hall, 
1769  Eliphalet  Harts- 
horn, 

1769  Josiah  Rogers, 
1769  Bartholomew  Pond 


1764  Stephen  Seymour, 

1765  David  Blacksley, 

1765  Sam'l  Curtis,  Jr., 

1766  Josiah  Rogers, 
1769  Jude  Blakesley, 
1769  John  Allcock. 


[For  Revolutionary  period— see  Revolutionary  Record.] 


TIIE   MILITARY   HISTORY 


Twenty-Sixth  Regiment, 

4th  Div.,  8th  Brig.* 


Lieutenant  Colonels  com'd't. 

1787-93  David  Smith,  1807-09  Micah  Blakeslee, 

1793-96  Aner  Bradley,  1809-13  Garrett  Smith, 

1796-99  Daniel  Potter,  1813-15  Daniel  Mills, 

1799-03  William  Leaveuworth,  1815  Lemuel  Porter, 

1803-05  Street  Richards, 

1805-07  Eleazer  Judd,  1790-95  Samuel  Camp  (10th  Regt.) 

[The  Majors  and  First  Majors  here  given  won  no  higher  rank.] 

First  Majors. 

1802  Caleb  Hickox,  1808-13  Isaac  Upson, 

1803-07  Preserve  Carter,  1815-16  Allen  Bunnel. 


Second  Majors. 


1796-1800  Noah  Baldwin 
1812-15  Cyrus  Clark, 


1816  Ira  Hotchkiss. 


Adjutants. 

1790-95  Samuel  Royce, 
1795-97  Jesse  Hopkins, 
1797-01  Linus  Fenn, 

1808-11  Miles  Dunbar, 
1811-13  John  Buckingham, 
1814  Aaron  Benedict, 

1803-08  Timothy  Richards, 

1815-16  Lyman  Potter. 

Chaplains. 

1795-03  Uriel  Gridley, 
1803-06  Israel  B.  Woodward, 

1806-14  Russell  Wheeler, 
1814-16  Roger  Searle. 

Quartermasters. 

1792-94  (?)  Wait  Smith, 
1794-97  Luke  Potter, 
1797-03  Noah  M.  Bronson, 
1803-06  Jesse  Allcox,  Jr., 

1810-12  H.  A.  Hylegan, 
1812-13  Orlando  Porter, 
1813-15  Lyman  Potter, 
1815-16  Chester  Kurd. 

1886-10  Hector  Smith, 

Paymasters. 

1792-95  Isaac  Bronson, 

1805-08  Ebenezer  French, 

1795-96  John  Kingsbury, 
1796-98  (?)  Daniel  Stone, 
1798-03  Josiah  Smith, 
1803-05  Joseph  Leavenworth 

1808-10  Isaac  Doolittle, 
1810-12  John  Buckingham, 
1812-14  Aner  Bradley, 
1814-15  Chester  Hurd. 

*See  page  20. 


OF   WATERBURY. 


1795- (?)  Isaac  Baldwin, 
1801-02  John  Elton, 
1803-05  Samuel  Elton, 


Surgeons. 

1805-11  John  Potter, 
1811-14  Anson  Tuttle, 
1814-16  Ambrose  Ives. 

Surgeon's  Mates  (not  prom). 


1801-06  Frederick  Leaven  worth, 
1806-07  Ed.-Fibld. 

1788  Benjamin  Upson, 
1788  David  Buckingham, 
1788  Aaron  Feiin, 
1788  Ebenezer  Porter, 
1788  Jacob  Fenn, 
1788  Charles  Upson, 
1788  William  Leavenworth, 
1788  Josiah  Seymour, 
1790  Timothy  Gibbud, 
1792  Justus  Dayton, 
1792  Joel  Dunbar, 
1792  Uri  Doolittle, 
1792  Oliver  Stoughton, 
1792  Eben  Smith,  Jr., 

1792  Eben  Hoadley, 

1793  Noah  Baldwin, 
1795  Titus  Darrow, 
1795  Herman  Munson, 
1795  Elisha  Frost, 
1795  Street  Richards, 
1795  Caleb  Hickox, 
1795  Samuel  Fenn, 
1795  Jared  Terrill, 
1795  Daniel  Smith, 

1795  Isaac  Judd, 
179fi  Levi  Bronson, 

1796  Amos  Seymour, 

1797  John  Kingsbury, 
1797  Jesse  Hopkins, 

1797  Stiles  Hotchkiss, 

1798  Walter  Judd, 

1799  Enos  Hickox, 

1799  Ephraim  Tuttle, 

1800  Jared  Prichard, 
1800  Eleazer  Judd, 


1816  John  B.  Johnson. 


Captains. 


1800  Preserve  Carter, 
1802  Arazi  Tallmadge, 
1802  Richard  Fenn, 
1802  Micah  Blakeslee, 
1802  John  Lewis, 
1802  Joseph  Twitchell, 
1802  Lemuel  Harrison, 
1802  Joseph  Bronson, 

1802  Josiah  Tyler, 

1803  Allen  Wells, 

1803  Garrett  Smith, 

1804  Asael  Merriam, 

1804  Isaac  Upson, 

1805  Joseph  Leavenworth, 
1805  James  Skilton, 

1805  Moses  Hall, 
1805  Eleazer  Scovill, 
1805  S.  J.  Hickox, 

1805  Harvey  Upson, 

1806  Daniel  Mills, 

1806  Philo  Brouson, 

1807  Calvin  Hoadley, 

1807  Landon  Loveland, 

1808  Lemuel  Porter, 
1808  Joseph  Woodruff, 
1808  Harmon  Bronsou, 
1808  David  Royce, 
1808  Jesse  Allcock, 

1808  Daniel  Eells, 

1809  Cyrus  Clark, 

1809  Silas  Porter, 

1810  Allyn  Buimel, 
1810  Samuel  Hickox, 
1810  Benjamin  DeForest, 
1810  Luther  Hotchkiss, 


THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


Captains — continued. 

1810  Hezekiah  C.  Peck,  1812  Asa  Fenn. 

1811  Titus  Seymour,  1813  James  Tuttle, 

1811  Ira  Hotclikiss,  1814  Bela  Welton, 

1812  James  Brown,  1814  Samuel  Camp,  Jr., 
1812  Silas  Grilley,  1814  Sedley  Woodward, 
1812  Lyman  Baldwin.  1815  Levi  Hall, 

1812  David  Woodward,  1815  Miles  Hotchkiss, 

1812  Gates  Upson,  1815  Ebenezer  Abbott. 


Lieutenants  (not  appearing  later  as  Captains). 

Ard  Welton,  Charles  Frisbie,  Timothy  Pond,  Jr.,  Elisha  Stephens  and 
Demas  Judd,  '88;  Benjamin  Baldwin,  '88;  David  Lewis  and  Arba  Cook.'OO; 
John  Adams,  J.  S.  Merriman,  Stephen  Turner,  Elihu  Spencer  and 
Ethel  Bronson,  *92;  Jacob  Hemingsey,  Asa  Darrow,  Mark  Warner, 
Amos  Titus  and  Ephraim  Tuttle,  '95;  Josiah  Terrill,  '97;  Joseph  B.  Candee, 
'98;  Japhet  Benham,  '99;  Elijah  Nettleton,  John  Merriman,  Richard  War- 
ner and  Daniel  Tyler,  1801;  D.  R.  Merriman,  Samuel  Pardee,  Abraham 
Hickox  and  Ebenezer  Richardson,  '02;  H.  Bronson,  S.  J.  Thompson  and 
John  Norton,  '05;  Thomas  Welton,  Eli  Beardsley  and  SeldenSheltou,'08; 
Hezekiah  C.  Peck,  '09;  Apollos  Warner,  '10;  Edmond  Austin,  '12;  Gideon 
Platt,  Benjamin  Fenn,  S.  B.  Scovill,  John  O'Brien,  Levi  Hart  and  Levi 
Wooster,  '13;  Pliny  Sheldon,  '14;  Archibald  Miner,  Elihu  Moulthrop 
and  Stephen  Stone,  '15. 


Ensigns  (not  appearing  later  in  higher  rank.) 

Sylvauus  Adams,  '88  ;  Elnathan  Thrasher,  '90;  Miles  Newton,  Elijah 
Brown,  Ezra  Lockwood,  Jr.,  Titus  Welton,  Samuel  Buckingham  and 
Philo  Hoadley,  '92 ;  James  Scovill,  John  Hickox,  Titus  Hotchkiss  and 
James  Merriman,  '95 ;  Sheldon  Scovill,  '96 ;  Daniel  Clark,  '97;  Asahel 
Lane  and  Andrew  Osborn,  '98;  Josiah  Tyler,  '99  ;  Joseph  Allcox,  '01  ;  Sey- 
mour Welton,  Richard  Weltou,  Jr.,  Eli  Hine  and  David  Tyler,  '02;  Na- 
thaniel Woodruff  and  Joel  Allcock,  '04;  Eli  Beardslee,  Ebenezer  Frisbie, 
Atnmi  Darrow  and  Isaac  Hopkins,  '05;  Marcus  Bronson,  '06  ;  Reuben  Chat- 
field,  Roderick  Stanley,  Royce  Lewis  and  Wyllys  Terrill,  '08;  Samuel  Hor- 
ton,  '09;  Samuel  Root,  Ansel  Porter,  John  Seymour,  Eliel  Mann,  Harvey 
Stoddard,  Archibald  Minor  and  Archibald  Stevens,  '13;  David  Warner,  '14; 
Lyman  Dunbar,  Riley  Allcock,  Eli  Welton,  Jr. ,  John  Partree,  Jr. ,  Moses 
Pond,  Jr.,  Lewis  Parker  and  Lamberton  Munson,  '15.  Edward  S.  Merri- 
man, major  of  band,  '10;  J.  M.  L.  Scovill,  sergeant-major,  '11;  Chauncey 
Garnsey,  Jr.,  drum  major,  '11. 


OP   WATERBURT. 


Twenty-Second  Reoiment, 

IstDIV.,  2nd  BRIG. 


Colonels.  Lieut. -Colonels.  Majors. 

1816-17  Lemuel  Porter,  1817-18  James  Brown,      1817-18  Bela  Welton, 
1832-34  Chauncey  Root,  1818-25  Bela  Welton,       1824-25  OrrinHotchkiss, 

1838-39  David  B.  Kurd,  1825-26  Marcus  Bronsou  1828-32  Chauncey  Root, 

1839-44  Stephen  Payne,  1835-38  D.  B.  Kurd,         1832-38  EnochW.  Frost, 

1838-39  Stephen  Payne,  1841-42  Ozro  Collins, 

1844-46  RichardWelton,  1839-41  E.  J.  Porter,        1844-47  O.  Ives  Martin. 
1816-18  John    Bucking- 1841-42  Levi  Bolster, 

ham,  (2d  rifle- 1842-44  Ozro  Collins. 

men). 

Adjutants. 

1825-27  David  Hay  den  (junior) 
1838-43  A.  P.  Judd, 
1844-47  Lucius  P.  Bryan. 

Surgeons. 
1817-19  Ambrose  Ives,  1831-39  Daniel  Porter. 


ers. 

1817-18  G.  M.  Hotchkiss,  1843-44  Samuel  Pritchard, 

1838-39  Graham  Hurd,  1844-47  A.  H.  Martin. 

1839-40  Ozro  Collins, 

Quartermasters. 
1836-38  Jared  Prichard,  1838-39  H.  A.  Smith. 

Chaplains. 
1838-44;  45-47  Jacob  L.  Clark. 


90 


THE   MILITARY  HISTORY 


FIRST  FLANK  COMPANY. 

Captains. 

Lieutenants. 

Ensigns. 

1816  James  Brown, 

1816  Gideon  Platt,  Jr., 

1816  Samuel  Root, 

1818  Samuel  Root, 

1818  Anson  Sperry, 

1817  Anson  Sperry, 

1819  Anson  Sperry, 

1819  Enos  Warner, 

1818  Nath'l  R.  Morris, 

1822  E.  P.  Root, 

1821  E.  P.  Root, 

1819  Enos  P.  Root, 

1824  Chauncey  Root, 

1822  Chauncey  Root, 

1821  Chauncey  Root, 

1829  Lauren  Frisbie, 

1824  Israel  Holmes, 

1822  Israel  Holmes, 

1831  Enoch  W.  Frost, 

1828  Lauren  Frisbie, 

1824  Lauren  Frisbie, 

1833  Leonard  Prichard, 

1829  Enoch  W.  Frost, 

1825  Sam'l  J.  Holmes, 

1834  David  B.  Hurd, 

1832  L.  Prichard, 

1827  Enoch  W.  Frost, 

1836  Merit  Tompkins, 

1833  D.  B.  Hurd, 

1829  Carlos  Hungerford, 

1837  A.  P.  Judd, 

1835  Merit  Tompkins, 

1830  L.  Prichard, 

1838  J.  W.  Pinch, 

1836  A.  P.  Judd, 

1832  D.  B.  Hurd, 

1839  Levi  Bolster, 

1837  Gabriel  Post, 

1833  Merit  Tompkins, 

1839  E.  J.  Porter, 

1838  E.  J.  Porter, 

1835  Abijah  P.  Judd, 

1840  Robert  Johnson. 

1839  W.  H.  Eaves, 

1836  J.  R.  Benham, 

1839  Lucius  Beach, 

1837  J.  W.  Finch, 

1840  Geo.  Prichard. 

1838  Levi  Bolster, 

1839  L.  S.  Beach, 

1839  John  Southard, 

1840  John  Sandland, 

1840  Ralph  H.  Guilford. 

FIRST  BATTALION  COMPANY. 

Captains. 

1816  Bela  Welton, 
1818  Pliny  Sheldon, 
1821  Ransom  Scovill, 
1823  Marcus  Bronson, 

1826  Edward  Welton  (?), 

1827  John  S.  Kingsbury, 

1830  C.  C.  Judd, 

1831  S.  A.  Hickox, 
1836  Jas.  C.  Wheeler, 

1838  J.  M.  Grannis, 

1839  J.  S.  Welton, 

1840  Lucius  Curtis, 
1842  Richard  Welton, 
1845  William      Umber- 
field, 

[1848  Henry  Smith]. 


Lieutenants. 
1816  Pliny  Sheldon, 
1818  Ransom  Scovill, 
1821  Edward  Scovill, 
1823  Edward  Welton, 

1826  J.  S.  Kingsbury, 

1827  Hiram  Upson, 

1830  Sherman    A.     Hic- 

kox, 

1831  David  A.  Sprague, 
1833  Julius  J.  Bronson, 

1838  John  S.  Weltoii, 

1839  Arthur  Hunt, 

1841  Richard  Welton, 

1842  Henry  Merriman, 
1847  Daniel  Judd. 


Ensigns. 

1816  Ransom  Scovill, 
1818  Julius  J.  B.  Kings- 
bury  (one  year), 
1821  Isaac  Brown, 
1823    John     S.     Kings- 
bury, 

1826  Hiram  Upson, 

1827  Charles  C.  Judd, 

1830  Philo  Brown, 

1831  S.  M.  Morris, 

1832  Elias  Beebe, 
1836  J.  M.  Graunis, 
1838  George  Jones, 

1840  Geo.  Merriman, 

1841  Henry  Merriman, 
1847  Chas.  T.  Grilley, 
1847  Henry  Smith, 


OF   WATERBURY.  91 


CAPT.  PAYNE'S  COMPANY. 


Captains.  Lieutenants.  Ensigns. 

1835  Stephen  Payne,  1835  George  Payne,  1835  Henry  Hotchkiss, 

1838  Geo.  Payne,  1838  Henry  Hotchkiss,  1838  Elizur  Kiinball, 

1839  Elizur  Kimball,  1840  J.  Hitchcock.  1839  Daniel  Hitchcock, 

1844  Ives  O.  Lewis,  1844  Daniel  H.  Holt,  1841  John  Wallace, 

1845  Daniel  H.  Holt.  1845  Jason  Hotchkiss.  1844  Jason  Hotchkiss, 

1845  Orrin  Hotchkiss. 


93  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


Second  Regiment, 

C.  S.  M.,  0.  N.  G. 


Colonels.  Lieut.-Colonels.  Majors. 

1863-66  Stephen  W.  Kel-  1887-89  John  B.  Doher-  1863      S.   W.  Kellogg, 

logg,  ty.  1866-68  E.  J.  Rice, 

1889—  JohnB.  Doherty.  1869-75  G.  W.  Tucker, 

1881-84  C.  E.  Bannon, 
1885-87  J.  B.  Doherty, 
1890—  Lucien    F.    Bur- 
pee. 

Adjutant. 
1889—  Arthur  M.  Dickinson. 

Quartermaster. 
1889—  George  G.  Blakeslee. 

Paymasters. 

1855-61  S.  W.  Kellogg, 
1877  Fred  A.  Spencer, 
1878-83  Edward  S.  Hayden. 

Surgeons. 

1865-66  Philo  G.  Rockwell,  1888      Carl  E.  Hunger,  asst. 

1883-87  Charles  H.  French,  asst.,         1889—  John  M.  Benedict. 

Chaplain. 
1865-68  J.  Eaton  Smith. 


COMPANY  H,  SECOND  C.  S.  M. 

Captains. 
1854  Richard  Hunting,  1857  John  L.  Chatfield. 

Pirst  Lieutenants. 

1854  John  L.  Chatfield,  1859  Timothy  Guilford, 

1857  Aner  Bradley,  Jr.,  1860  Marcus  Coon. 

Second  Lieutenants. 

1854  Aner  Bradley,  Jr.,  1859  Marcus  Coon, 

1857  Timothy  Guilford,  1860  Henry  N.  Place. 

Third  Lieutenants. 

1854  Rufus  Leonard,  1855  James  E,  Wright, 

1857  Martin  B.  Smith. 


OP  WATERBURY. 


H 


UNION  GUARD,  CO.  A,  SECOND  C.  S.  M. 


1861  C.  E.  L.  Holmes,  Captain.— S.  W.  Kellogg,  First  I/ieutenant;—Qt.  B. 
Thomas,  Second  Lieutenant. 


COMPANY  A,  SECOND  C.  S.  M.,  C.  N.  O. 


Captains. 

First  Lieutenants. 

Second  Lieutenants. 

1863  E.  J.  Rice, 

1863  F.  L.  Mintie, 

1863  C.  F.  Church, 

1866  G.  W.  Tucker, 

1864  G.  W.  Tucker, 

1864  M.  W.  Bronson, 

1869  A.  I.  Goodrich, 

1866  G.  A.  Stocking, 

1865  Carlos  Smith, 

1877  F.  A.  Spencer, 

1868  A.  I.  Goodrich, 

M.  L.  Scudder, 

1882  F.  R.  White, 

1869  D.  L   Dickinson, 

1866  H.  M.  Stocking,    • 

1883  J.  B.  Doherty, 

1871  G.  H.  Cowell, 

1868  L.  S.  Davis, 

1885  C.  E.  Hall, 

1876  C.  L.  Stocking, 

1869  C.  B.  Vaill, 

1886  F.  K.  Woolworth, 

F.  H.  Smith, 

E.  B.  Harper, 

F.  L.  Blakeley, 

1880  F.  R.  White, 

1871  W.  Wilson, 

1887  L.  F.  Burpee, 

1882  J.  B.  Doherty, 

1874  C.  L.  Stocking, 

1890  C.  L.  Stocking. 

1883  C.  E.  Hall, 

1876  F.  H.  Smith, 

1885  F.  K.  Woolworth, 

F.  R.  White, 

1886  F.  L.  Blakeley, 

1880  J.  B.  Doherty, 

L.  F.  Burpee, 

1882  C.  E.  Hall, 

1887  C.  L.  Stocking, 

1883  F.  K.  Woolworth, 

1890  W.  E.  Moses. 

1885  F.  J.  Manville, 

F.  L.  Blakeley, 

1886  L.  F.  Burpee. 

F.  M.  Bronson, 

1888  W.  E.  Moses, 

1890  C.  W.  Burpee. 

COMPANY  D,  SECOND  C.  N.  G. 


Captains.  First  Lieutenants.  Second  Lieutenants. 

1866  James  F.  Simpson,  1866  W.  L.  G.  Pritchard,  1866  James  M.  Birrell, 

1867  E.  L.  Cook,  J.  M.  Birrell,  E.  L.  Cook, 

1869  James  J.  Gilbert,     1867  James  J.  Gilbert,     1867  J.  J.  Gilbert, 

1870  John  L.  Saxe.  1868  J.  B.  Perkins,  William  Wilson, 

1869  W.  S.  Wilson.  B.  F.  Bronson, 

1869  A.  Mosier. 


THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


COMPANY  G,  SECOND  C.  N.  G. 


Captains. 

First  Lieutenants. 

Second  Lieutenants. 

1871 

C.  R.  Bannon, 

1871  W.  S.  Wilson, 

1871  D.  A.  McGraw, 

1881 

P.  F.  Bannon, 

1874  D.  A.  McGraw, 

1874  M.  F.  Maher, 

1884 

C.  R.  Bannon, 

1879  T.  H.  White, 

1879  T.  F.  White, 

1886 

A.  J.  Wolff. 

1880  James  Horrigan, 

James  Horrigan, 

1881  J.  H.  Reid, 

1881  J.  H.  Reid, 

1884  T.  F.  Meara, 

1883  M.  T.  Bradley, 

1886  K.  J.  Farrell, 

1884  T.  F.  Meara, 

1887  D.  E.  Fitzpatrick. 

A.  J.  Wolff, 

1886  K.  J.  Farrell, 

M.  Cooney, 

D.  E.  Fitzpatrick, 

. 

1887  P.  Halpin. 

OF  WATERBTTRY.  95 


Other  Companies. 


PH03NIX  GUARD. 


1861  S.  W.  Kellogg,  Captain;— H.  N.  Place,  First  Lieutenant;— E.  J.  Rice, 
Second  Lieutenant. 


WATEBBUBY  ZOUAVES,  CO.  D,  LIGHT  INFANTBY. 


1862  James  E.  Goer,  Captain;  A.  B.  Crook,  First  Lieutenant;  G.  A.  Stock- 

ing, Second  Lieutenant. 

1863  James  F.  Simpson,  Captain;  James  M.  Birrell,  First  Lieutenant;  C. 

D.  Hurlburt,  Second  Lieutenant. 


COMPANY  C,  SECOND  BATTALION. 


1863  S.  H.  Perkins,  Captain;  S.  W.  Kellogg,  First  Lieutenant;  C.  S.  Ab- 
bott, Second  Lieutenant. 


LIGHT  ABTILLEBY,  2nd  SECTION,  BATTEBY  C,  C.  N.  G. 


1865  A.  B.  Wilson,  First  Lieutenant;— H.  L.  B.  Pond,  Second  Lieut,  mint. 


96  THE  MILITARY  HISTORY 


Generals  and  General  Staff  Officers. 


1793-95  David  Smith,  Brig. -Gen.  8th  Brig. 
1795-1800  David  Smith,  Maj.-Gen.  4th  Div. 

1800-02  Daniel  Potter,  Brig. -Gen.  8th  Brig. 

1839-40  David  B.  Hurd,  Brig:  -  Gen.  2d  Brig. 

1866-71  Stephen  W.  Kellogg,  Brig.-Gen.  SdBrig. 

1800-02  John  Kingsbury,  Brig.-Maj.  8th  Brig. 

1866-67  Philo  G.  Hurd,  Surgeon-Gen. 

1866-71  George  E.  Terry,  Asst.  Adjt.-Gen.  2d  Brig. 

1877-79  Guernsey  S.  Parsons,  Aid  Gov.  Hubbard's  Staff. 

1882  Fred  A.  Spencer,  Brig.  Insp.  Eifle  Practice. 

1884-90  Edward  S.  Hayden,  Brig.-Quart.-Mast. 

1890  John  P.  Kellogg,  Aid  Brig.  Staff. 


OF  WATKKBUKY. 


Roster  of  Company  A,  February,  1891. 


Captain,  Charles  L.  Stocking.  First  Lieutenant,  William  E.  Moses. 
Second  Lieutenant,  Charles  W.  Burpee. 

First  sergeant,  Henry  B.  Carter;*  quartermaster  sergeant,  E.  J.  Schuyler; 
sergeants,  W.  H.  Claxton,  J.  W.  Fitzpatrick,  W.  L.  Munson,  W.  A.  Gold- 
smith. 

Corporals,  E.  R.  Heebner,  J.  S.  Whiteman,  F.  H.  Spencer,  James  Geddes, 
Edwin  Hart,  W.  R.  Keaveney,  H.  C.  Cady,  E.  O.  Goss. 

Musicians :  C.  A.  Lathrop,  W.  W.  Webster,  F.  E.  Webster. 


Privates. 

R.  E.  Bailey, 

T.  E.  Guest, 

W.  T.  McClelland, 

H.  F.  Baker, 

C.  M.  Germann, 

E.  L.  Norvell, 

C.  E.  Baker, 

Charles  Herman, 

G.  E.  Pettitjean, 

W.  G.  Barton, 

R.  M.  Hulsart, 

George  Proudman. 

W.  A.  Bigelow, 

E.  N.  Humphrey, 

F.  Reynolds, 

G.  A.  Blanchard, 

C.  H.  Humphrey, 

C.  H.  Ross, 

F.  C.  Bodeu, 

Clinton  Hart, 

W.  J.  Snow, 

G.  W.  Brown, 

J.  M.  Henderson, 

N.  H.  Schwartz, 

0.  H.  Burr, 

W.  H.  Haiues, 

H.  S.  Scoville, 

W.  G.  Christian, 

F.  W.  Ingrahani, 

C.  W.  Smith, 

A.  Chadwick, 

R.  Kiersted, 

A.  N.  Trott, 

T.  Chadwick, 

J.  E.  Marsh, 

Charles  J.  Terrell, 

E.  S.  Carter, 

B.  W.  McDonald, 

Robert  Walker, 

F.  B.  Daniels, 

John  McKeever, 

J.  W.  Ward, 

H.  L.  Daniels, 

W.  H.  J.  McNeil, 

Frank  Wetton, 

E.  E.  Dewitt, 

David  Miller, 

H.  A.  West. 

John  H.  Goss, 

Appointed  sergeant  major  March  9, 1891. 


THE  MILITARY  HISTORY    OP  WATERBURY. 


Roster  of  Company  G,  February,  1891. 


Captain,  Alfred  J.  Wolff.  First  Lieutenant,  Daniel  E.  Fitzpatrick. 
Second  Lieutenant,  Patrick  Halpin. 

First  sergeant,  William  T.  Keaveney;  quartermaster  sergeant,  Thomas  F. 
Bolger;  sergeants,  Edward  A.  Butler,  Richard  F.  Dunne,  Thomas  F.  Halli- 
man,  Bartholomew  J.  Collins. 

Corporals,  Thomas  Magner,  Peter  W.  Phelan,  Edward  L.  Maloney, 
Edward  Luddy,  John  Linehan,  John  Massey,  William  darken,  Patrick 
H.  Danaher. 

Musicians:  Joseph  Hayden,  (trumpeter)  John  F.  Flaherty,  Christopher 
Nolan. 

Privates. 


John  R.  Arrol, 

John  Holihau, 

P.  H.  Phelan, 

W.  H.  Beau  champ, 

F.  J.  Hudner, 

Jos.  Phelaii, 

D.  M.  Casey, 

J.  F.  Hanlon, 

P.  J.  Phelan, 

W.  H.  Carroll, 

Thos.  Kirk, 

P.  F.  Quinn, 

John  J.  Cullen, 

F.  W.  Lawlor, 

C.  F.  Roper, 

D.  F.  Connor, 

T.  F.  Lawlor, 

C.  C.  Russell, 

M.  J.  Crane, 

W.  H.  Lynehan, 

John  Sullivan, 

H.  J.  Crane, 

Jas.  McAvoy, 

M.  Sullivan, 

Thos.  R.  Conlan, 

F.  W.  Miller, 

E.  J.  Shanahan, 

John  Dillan, 

Edward  Monaghan, 

T.  J.  Shannahan, 

Thos.  Dillan, 

M.  J.  McEvoy, 

J.  T.  Sherman, 

Jeremiah  Dillan, 

Timothy  McEnerney, 

D.  P.  Sullivan, 

William  Evans, 

Jas.  Magner, 

J.  J.  Shea, 

J.  M.  Fitzgerald. 

C.  B.  Overton, 

W.  J.  Vance, 

W.  J.  Fitzgerald, 

J.  T.  O'Donnell, 

T.  T.  Whelahan. 

J.  W.  Garde, 

